Levels of selenium, zinc, copper, and antioxidant enzyme activity in patients with leukemia |
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Authors: | X L Zuo J M Chen X Zhou X Z Li G Y Mei |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Hematology Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, 430071 Wuhan, People's Republic of China;(2) Gene Diagnosis Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, 430071 Wuhan, People's Republic of China;(3) Department of Hematology, Renming Hospital, Wuhan University, 430064 Wuhan, People's Republic of China |
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Abstract: | Essential elements, mainly selenium and zinc, were involved in protection against oxidative stress in cells. Oxidation could
lead to the formation of free radicals that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including leukemia.
Leukemia is a neoplastic disease that is susceptible to antioxidant enzyme and essential elements alterations. This study
was undertaken to examine the levels of essential elements, antioxidant enzymes activities, and their relationships with different
types of leukemia. Serum selenium, zinc, and copper concentrations, red blood cell glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities,
plasma Cu−Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu−Zn SOD) activities and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels were determined in 49 patients
with different types of leukemia before initial treatment. Serum selenium and zinc concentrations were lower in leukemia patients
than those of controls (p<0.01). Serum copper concentration was higher in leukemia patients than that of controls (p<0.01). The activities GPx and Cu−Zn SOD were significantly increased in leukemia patients, especially with acute leukemia
(AL), acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL), and acute nonlymphoid leukemia (ANLL) (p<0.05), whereas no difference was found between those of chronic myelogeneous leukemia and the controls. The levels of LPO
were normal as controls. Serum selenium concentration was not correlated with GPx, and serum levels of zinc and copper were
not related to Cu−Zn SOD. Serum zinc levels had a negative correlation with the absolute peripheral blast cells, whereas serum
copper had a positive correlation with the absolute peripheral blast cells. Increased GPx and Cu−Zn SOD activities and normal
levels of LPO, which were a protective responses, were an indicator of mild oxidative stress; it mights indicate that the
essentials elements alterations in leukemia patients were mostly dependent on tumor activity. Changes of their levels demonstrated
that there are low selenium, zinc, and high copper status in leukemia patients. The decrease of plasma zinc and increase of
the Cu/Zn ratio could be the index that showed an unfavorable prognosis of acute leukemia. |
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Keywords: | Glutathione peroxidase Cu− Zn superoxide dismutase selenium zinc leukemia |
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