The Decrease of Relative Weight,Lesions, and Apoptosis of Bursa of Fabricius Induced by Excess Dietary Selenium in Chickens |
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Authors: | Xi Peng Yun Cui Wei Cui Junliang Deng Hengmin Cui |
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Institution: | (1) College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan, 625014, China |
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Abstract: | Selenium is an essential trace element possessing immune-stimulatory properties. The purpose of this 42-day study was to investigate
the effects of excess dietary sodium selenite on immune function by determining morphological changes and apoptosis of bursa
of Fabricius. Three hundred 1-day-old Avian broilers were fed on a basic diet (0.2 ppm selenium) or the same diet amended
to contain 1, 5, 10, and 15 ppm selenium supplied as sodium selenite (n = 60/group). Relative weight of bursa was significantly decreased in the 1, 5, 10, and 15 ppm groups at 28 days of age, when
compared with that of 0.2 ppm group. Pathological lesions were progressed with the dietary Se level increased. The gross lesions
of bursa involved obvious atrophy with decreased volume and pale color. Histopathologically, decreased number of lymphocytes
and loosely packed lymphocytes appeared in the medulla and cortex in the follicles. Ultrastructurally, mitochondria injury
and increased apoptotic cells with condensed nuclei were observed. In comparison to that of control group, excess Se (5, 10,
and 15 ppm) intake increased the percentage of Annexin V positive cells, as measured by flow cytometry. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl
transferase 2′-deoxyuridine 5′-triphosphate nick end-labeling assay showed that there were increased frequencies of apoptotic
cells in 10 and 15 ppm selenium groups. These data suggest that Se supplementation with sodium selenite should be carefully
evaluated as excess selenium (more than 5 ppm) intake could cause profound immunologic inhibition. |
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Keywords: | Histologic lesion Ultrastructure Flow cytometry Apoptosis Chicken |
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