大熊猫粪便乳酸菌的分离鉴定

大熊猫作为国家保护动物,其健康问题备受瞩目。为了维护大熊猫的肠道健康,本研究从大熊猫肠道内分离出适宜于大熊猫肠道环境的乳酸菌菌株,有望将其制成熊猫肠道微生物制剂,从而改善大熊猫肠道菌群环境。从雅安市宝兴县蜂桶寨自然保护区选取圈养与野生大熊猫的粪便,通过体外培养分离出9个菌株。分离菌株经过革兰氏染色镜检、过氧化氢产气、菌落形态观察等方法与技术初步鉴定为乳酸菌。对这9株乳酸菌进行耐酸试验、耐胆盐试验、抑菌能力试验和产酸能力等测试,筛选出了3个适应性较强,有望制成调节大熊猫肠道内环境平衡作用的微生态菌剂的菌株。16S rRNA基因序列分析表明:分离菌株J1、J2和J4分别为融合魏斯氏菌（Weissella confusa）,海氏肠球菌（Enterococcus heynei）和非解乳糖链球菌（Streptococcus alactolyticus）,有望被应用于大熊猫肠道微生态制剂的研究。

Isolation and identification of lactic acid bacteria from giant panda feces

As a national protected animal, giant panda has attracted much attention in its health problems. In order to maintain the intestinal health of giant panda, a method of improving its intestinal microflora environment by using microbial agents is proposed in this paper. Lactic acid bacteria suitable for the intestinal environment of giant pandas were isolated from the intestines of giant pandas, which are expected to be applied in panda intestinal microbial preparations. Nine strains were isolated from the feces of captive and wild giant pandas from Fengtongzhai Nature Reserve, Baoxing County, Ya an City. The isolated strains were identified as lactic acid bacteria by Gram staining microscopy, hydrogen peroxide gas production and colony morphology observation. In addition, the 9 strains of lactic acid bacteria were tested for acid tolerance, bile salt tolerance, bacteriostasis and acid production. Three strains with strong adaptability were screened. Sequence analysis based on 16S rRNA gene showed that strains J1, J2 and J4 were Weissella confusa, Enterococcus heynei and Streptococcus alactolyticus, respectively, which were expected to be applied in the study of intestinal microecological agents of giant pandas.