Planktonic indices in the evaluation of the ecological status and the trophic state of the longest lake in Poland |
| |
| Institution: | 1. Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3. Annis Water Resources Institute, Grand Valley State University, Muskegon, MI 49441, USA;1. Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Mickiewicza 33, 31–120, Kraków, Poland;2. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, cb 334, Boulder, CO 80309, USA;3. Department of Invertebrate Fauna and Systematics, Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Bogdana Khmelnits''kogo Str. 15, Kiev 01601, Ukraine;4. Department of Biology and Ecology, University of Ostrava, Chittussiho 10, 71000 Ostrava, Czech Republic;5. Laboratory of Fish Genetics, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Rumburská 89, 27721 Liběchov, Czech Republic;6. Institute of Soil Biology, Biology Center, Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Sádkách 7, 370 05 ?eské Budějovice, Czech Republic;7. University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, Brani?ovská 31, 370 05 ?eské Budějovice, Czech Republic;8. Department of Pedology and Soil Geography, Institute of Geography and Spatial Management, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, Kraków, Poland;9. Institute of Oceanography and Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia;10. Department of Biology and Marine Biology, University of North Carolina Wilmington, 601 S. College Rd., Wilmington, NC 28403, USA;1. National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Alexandria, Egypt;2. Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt;3. Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Department of Environmental Studies, Alexandria, Egypt;1. State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China;2. Department of Environment and Forest Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 210646, Mongolia |
| |
| Abstract: | Due to the intensive mixing polymictic lakes should be homogenous. However, morphometric diversity and high water dynamics contribute to the differentiation of many parameters in various areas of the lakes. This study analyzes both phytoplankton and zooplankton to assess differences in water quality along the north–south axis of the longest lake in Poland. New phytoplankton indicators were applied for determining the lake's ecological status: the Q index based on functional groups and the PMPL (Phytoplankton Metric for Polish Lakes) index based on phytoplankton biomass. TSIROT index (Rotifer Trophic State Index), which comprises the percentage of species indicating a high trophic state in the indicatory group and the percentage of bacteriovorus in the Rotifera population, was used for zooplankton analysis.TP content was different at different sites – we observed its gradual increase from the south to the north. Spatial variation of phosphorus did not considerably affect plankton diversity. The phytoplankton was dominated by Oscillatoriales, typical of shallow, well-mixed eutrophic lakes. The ecological status of the lake based on the EQR (Ecological Quality Ratio) was poor or moderate. The zooplankton was dominated by rotifers (at almost all sites), which indicates a eutrophic state of the lake. The values of phytoplankton indices at the studied sites did not differ considerably; the differences resulted more from local conditions such as the contaminant inflow and the macrophyte development than water dynamics.We have demonstrated that in the lake dominated by filamentous Cyanobacteria the ecological status should be determined according to the PMPL index or other indices dependent on the dominant Cyanobacteria species. Since the Q index does not include the functional group S1, the results can lead to the false conclusion that water quality improves with an increased amount of phytoplankton. The high abundance of Cyanobacteria in the lake may have contributed to the poor growth of rotifers. |
| |
| Keywords: | Functional groups of phytoplankton Cyanobacteria Rotifers Ecological status Trophic state index Planktonic indices |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
