低温处理青花菜萌动种子对花芽分化的促进作用

低温(0～2℃)处理萌动种子可使青花菜的花芽分化提前.种子萌动时期经低温处理10 d(T10)和20d(T20)的青花菜植株花芽分化开始时的节位分别比对照(CK)低0.86个节位和1.03个节位.花芽分化临界期、第1级侧花茎原基分化期和第2～3级侧花茎原基分化期经低温处理10d和20 d均分别比对照提前5 d和6d.当进入花芽分化临界期时,叶片中GA3、可溶性蛋白质含量以及POD和转化酶活性均开始剧增,在第1级侧花茎原基分化期和第2～3级侧花茎原基分化期,叶片中POD、转化酶活性和GA3均有一高峰值.萌动种子经一段时间的低温处理后,首先诱导了GA3的合成,从而提高POD和转化酶等酶的活性,而这两种酶活性的升高对花芽分化有利.

Stimulatory Effects of Low Temperature Treatment of Germinating Seeds on Flower-bud Differentiation in Broccoli

The effects of low temperature treatment (0-2 degrees C) of germinating seeds in accelerating process of flower-bud differentiation in broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) were studied. The results indicated that low temperature treatment of germinating seeds for 10 d in broccoli (T(10)) lowered 0.86 nodes and advanced 5 d for the critical stage of flower-bud differentiation, stage of primary furcation scape primordium differentiation and stage of secondary and tertiary furcation scape primordium differentiation; Low temperature treatment of germinating seeds for 20 d in broccoli (T(20)) lowered 1.03 nodes and advanced 6 d for the critical stage of flower-bud differentiation , stage of primary furcation scape primordium differentiation and stage of secondary and tertiary furcation scape primordium differentiation. The node number at which flower-bud differentiation started under T(10) and T(20) was significantly lower than that of control while there was no significant difference between T(10) and T(20). In addition, the flower-bud differentiation was accompanied by increase in GA(3) contents, soluble protein contents, POD activities and invertase activities. GA(3) contents, soluble protein contents, POD activities and invertase activities started to increase significantly when plants entered the critical stage of flower-bud differentiation; POD activities, invertase activities and GA(3) contents emerge high apex value when plants entered stage of primary furcation scape primordium differentiation and stage of secondary and tertiary furcation scape primordium differentiation. Curve change trend of these physiological and biochemical indexes under T(10) and T(20) were accord with CK while advent of each high apex value was earlier about a week than CK during flower-bud differentiation. In a word, synthesization of GA(3) was induced firstly after germinating seeds were treated under low temperature, consequently POD activities and invertase activities were increased which took advantage of flower-bud differentiation.