Positional cloning of rice semidwarfing gene, sd-1: rice "green revolution gene" encodes a mutant enzyme involved in gibberellin synthesis. |
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Authors: | Lisa Monna Noriyuki Kitazawa Rika Yoshino Junko Suzuki Haruka Masuda Yumiko Maehara Masao Tanji Mizuho Sato Shinobu Nasu Yuzo Minobe |
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Institution: | Plant Genome Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. monna@pgcdna.co.jp |
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Abstract: | A rice semidwarfing gene, sd-1, known as the "green revolution gene," was isolated by positional cloning and revealed to encode gibberellin 20-oxidase, the key enzyme in the gibberellin biosynthesis pathway. Analysis of 3477 segregants using several PCR-based marker technologies, including cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence, derived-CAPS, and single nucleotide polymorphisms revealed 1 ORF in a 6-kb candidate interval. Normal-type rice cultivars have an identical sequence in this region, consisting of 3 exons (558, 318, and 291 bp) and 2 introns (105 and 1471 bp). Dee-Geo-Woo-Gen-type sd-1 mutants have a 383-bp deletion from the genome (278-bp deletion from the expressed sequence), from the middle of exon 1 to upstream of exon 2, including a 105-bp intron, resulting in a frame-shift that produces a termination codon after the deletion site. The radiation-induced sd-1 mutant Calrose 76 has a 1-bp substitution in exon 2, causing an amino acid substitution (Leu CTC] to Phe TTC]). Expression analysis suggests the existence of at least one more locus of gibberellin 20-oxidase which may prevent severe dwarfism from developing in sd-1 mutants. |
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Keywords: | rice (Oryza sativa L ) positional cloning sd-1 cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) |
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