2’-5’寡聚腺苷酸合成酶（OAS）及其临床意义的研究进展

干扰素作用于靶细胞膜表面的受体后，通过信号转导系统诱导一系列抗病毒蛋白产生，干扰病毒复制以达到抗病毒目的。2’-5’寡聚腺苷酸合成酶（2’．5’oligoadenylatesynthetase，OAS）是干扰素作用于细胞后产生的一种重要的抗病毒蛋白，几十年来，国内外学者对OAS家族及其抗病毒机制进行了大量研究并取得了一定的进展，OAS被dsRNA激活后，催化生成2-5A，2-5A激活核酸内切酶RNaseL，降解病毒RNA，阻断病毒蛋白合成，从而发挥抗病毒作用。体内外研究表明，OAS的表达量或活性的变化可用于评价机体对干扰素的反应，反映干扰素抗病毒效果，另外，它还可作为系统性红斑狼疮的病情活动度的一种检测指标。因此，OAS具有重要的临床应用价值。本文就OAS家族及其抗病毒机制，其测定方法与对于病毒性肝炎和系统性红斑狼疮疾病的临床意义展开综述，以期对OAS的研究和应用提供参考。OAS是典型的干扰素诱导产物，可反映机体内干扰素的抗病毒水平，具有广阔的应用前景。

The Research on 2＇-5 ＇Oligoadenylate Synthetase and Its Clinical Significance

Acting on the surface of the target celt membrane receptors, interferon can achieve antiviral action through signal transduction system induced a series of antiviral proteins interfere with viral replication. 2＇-5 ＇oligoadenylate synthetase （OAS） is a kind of important antiviral proteins which is induced by interferon. In recent decades, international research on the OAS family and its antiviral mechanisms has made some progress. Activated by dsRNA, OAS catalyzed 2-5A. 2-5A activated nuclease enzyme RNase L to degrade viral RNA to block viral protein synthesis. Studies in vitro and vivo have shown that expression or activity levels of OAS can be used for evaluation of interferon response, and reflect interferon antiviral activity; it can also serve as a kind ofbiomarker in the diagnosis and dis- ease activity evaluation of systemic lupus erythematosus （SLE）, therefore, OAS has great clinical values. In this article, we reviewed on the OAS family, its antiviral mechanisms, clinical activity measurement, and its clinical significance in viral hepatitis and SLE, in order to provide references for the research and applications of OAS. OAS is typical of interferon-induced product that reflects the interferon an- tiviral levels in vivo, and has broad application prospects.