脐带间充质干细胞牙向分化的可行性研究

再生医学近年来受到越来越多的重视。它开启了治疗由于老化，损伤及一些先天性缺陷所造成的缺损畸形的新途径。其临床应用已涉及到各种组织的修复，包括血液，皮肤，角膜，软骨和骨等。在口腔领域，目前治疗牙缺失主要依靠修复体，种植体和牙移植。然而这些方法都存在一定的缺陷。而通过再生医学的原理和方法实现牙再生治疗可以为机体提供有生命的，有功能的，相容性好的组织结构。种子细胞是牙再生的基础与关键。在牙再生研究中，牙髓间充质干细胞，牙乳头细胞，牙周膜间充质细胞，牙囊细胞及牙源性上皮细胞等牙源性干细胞常通过诱导分化为成釉细胞或成牙本质细胞来作为种子细胞应用，在临床上却难以获取，近来研究也有用骨髓间充质干细胞或脂肪间充质干细胞细胞等非牙源性干细胞者，但其牙向分化能力及分化调控机制还不明确。跻带间充质干细胞在新近的研究中较其它非牙源性干细胞表现出更大的优势，脐带间充质干细胞更原始、具有更高可塑性、更大扩增分化潜能。在此，本文就脐带间充质干细胞向牙细胞系分化的可能性做一论述，并对其可能实现的牙向分化给出可能的方法和策略，为牙再生种子细胞的选取提供新的思路。

A new possible strategy and its feasibility for tooth regeneration： odontogenic differentiation of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem ceils

Regenerative medicine is paid more and more attention in recent years. It opened a new way to treat defect or deformity due to aging, injury and congenital defect. Its clinical application has been involved in the repair of various tissues, such as blood, skin, cornea, cartilago and bone. In oral area, the current treatment of tooth loss relies on restoration, implants and tooth transplantation. However, these methods have various flaws. Tootl, regeneration through prineiples and methods of regenerative medicine can provide a living, functional and biocompatible substitute, while seeding cells are the basis and key in tooth regeneration. At present, dental-derived stem cells such as mesenchymal stem cells in dental pulp, dental papilla cells, periodontal ligament mesenchymal stem cells, dental follicle cells and odontogenic epithelial cells are the most commonly used seeding cells, but they are difficult to obtain in clinical practice. Some non-dental-derived stem cells, such as bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and adipose mesenchymal stem cells are used as seed- ing cells in the most recent research, but the differentiation capacity and differentiation mechanism are unclear, umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells Show a greater advantage in Recent study, they are more primitive, with a higher plasticity, greater amplification and differentiation potential. In this paper, we try to analyse the possibility of odontogenic differentiation of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells for tooth regeneration and put forward the possible methods and strategies.