围手术期不同处理因素对SD大鼠肠道菌群的影响

目的：探讨抗生素、肠道准备以及饮食对SD大鼠肠道茵群的影响。方法：将36只SD大鼠随机分为6组，分别采用不同的处理措施，分为对照组，抗生素组，肠道准备组，禁饮食组，术后早期禁饮食组和术后早期进食组，共处理4天，第5天脱颈椎处死，无茵条件下取回盲部粪便进行细菌培养并计数。结果：抗生素组、肠道准备组以及禁饮食组与对照组比较，抗生素组与肠道准备组、禁饮食组比较，大肠杆菌、类杆菌数量均明显增加，双歧杆菌、肠球菌数量均显著减少，双歧杆菌／大肠杆菌比值显著降低；其差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；术后早期进食组与术后禁饮食组相比，大肠杆茵、类杆菌数量有所减少，双歧杆菌、肠球菌数量有所增加，双歧杆菌／大肠杆菌比值有所提高，且其差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：抗生素、肠道准备以及禁饮食均可引起SD大鼠肠道茵群失调，其中抗生素对肠道茵群的影响最大；并且术后早期进食对肠道茵群失调有改善作用。

Effects of Different Perioperative Managements on the Intestinal Flora in Rats

To investigate the influence of antibiotics, bowel preparation, and abrosia on intestinal flora of SD rats. Molhods： 36 SD mrs were randomly divided into 6 groups： control group, antibiotics group, bowel preparation group, abrosia group, bowel preparation-antibiotics-operation-abrosia after the operation（called postoperative abrosia group） and bowel preparation-antibioties-opemtion-eating after the operation （called postoperative food processing group）. Next, all of the rats had been adopted different disposal methods respectively for 4 days. At the fifth day, all SD rats were put to death and the intestinal stool was adopted and cultured. The bacterium strains count was measured with the method of plate counting live bacterium. Results： Compared with control group, in the groups processed with antibiotics, bowel preparation, and abrosia, colibacillus and bacteroides were significantly increased, while bifldobacterium, enterococcus and bifidobaetirium/colibacillus ratio were significantly decreased （P 〈0.05）. Compared with bowel preparation group and abrosia group, in the antibiotics group , we found the same situation. While compared with the postoperative abrosia group, the number of colibacillus and bacteroides were decreased, and the number of bifidobacterium, enterocoecus and bifidobaetirium/colibacillus ratio were increased in the early postoperative eating group, and the difference was statistically significant. Conchusions： All of the various factors （antibiotics, bowel preparation, and abrosia） could have influence on the intestinal flora, and the impact of antibiotics was the biggest. Compared with the postoperative abrosia group, the postoperative food processing group has less influence on the intestinal flora, which could show that eating after the operation may improve flora disequilibrium.