肾穿刺术后血肿感染的预防与护理

目的：探究并分析肾穿刺术后患者血肿感染的预防及护理措施。方法：选取自2012年2月-2013年2月我院收治的200例行肾穿刺活检术的肾脏病患者，将其作为临床研究对象。将上半年收治的100例患者作为对照组，对照组患者穿刺术期间采取常规护理预防血肿感染的发生；将下半年收治的100例患者作为观察组，观察组采取护理干预措施。结果：观察组患者术后并发症较少，尿潴留、肉眼血尿及轻度腰疼的发生率两组较为相近，无明显差异（P〉0．05）。观察组患者术后血肿、感染的发生率分别为3．00％、4．00％，明显低于对照组（P〈0．05）；观察组患者术后血肿直径及穿刺点渗血量均明显少于对照组（P〈0．05）；对照组患者重度血肿及重度感染的人数分别占25．00％、24．00％，明显高于观察组，血肿及感染的严重程度较观察组重（P〈0．05）。结论：护理干预在肾穿刺患者术后血肿感染的预防中具有极其重要的作用，术血肿感染的发生率明显降低，值得在临床上广泛应用。

Prevention and Nursing for Hematoma Infection after the Renipuncture

Objective： To study the prevention of hematoma infection and to analyze and the effects oflhe nursing intervention after renipuncture. Methods： 200 patients with kidney disease who were received renipuncture with biopsy in our hospital fi＇om February 2012 to February 2013 were selected as the clinical research objects. 100 patients who were received the treatment in the first half year were included in the control group and taken the routine nursing to prevent hematoma during the puncture operation; 100 patients who received the treatment in the next half year were included in the observation group and taken nursing intervention. Results： In the observation group, the incidence of postoperative hematoma and infection were respectively 3.00% and 4.00% which were significantly lower than those of the control group （P 〈0.05）; the hematoma diameter and the amount of ooze blood in puncture points were significantly less than those of the control group （P〈0.05）. In the control group, the percents of patients with severe hematoma and severe infection after the operation were 25.00% and 24.00% respectively which were significantly higher than those of the observation group, and the degrees ofhematoma and infection were heavier than those of the observation group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： Nursing intervention plays an important role in prevention of hematoma infection for patients with renipuncture and the incidence of hematoma infection has decreased significantly, which is worthy of being widely applied clinically.