Diversities in morphological characteristics and seed germination behavior in fruits ofSalsola komarovii Iljin |
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Authors: | Hiroyasu Yamaguchi Keiko Ichihara Kiyotoshi Takeno Yutaka Hori Takashi Saito |
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Institution: | (1) Laboratory of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tohoku University, 981 Sendai;(2) Present address: Ornamental Plants and Tea, National Research Institute of Vegetables, Ano, 514-23 Mie |
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Abstract: | Two different types of dispersal units (called fruits in this study) were observed inSalsola komarovii Iljin. One is a fruit which has dark brown lignified tepals with long wings and a green seed and falls easily from the mother
plant (long-winged type). Another has light brown lignified tepals with short wings and a yellow seed and attaches tightly
to the mother plant (short-winged type). This difference of fruit type appeared independently from maturity of fruit. Seeds
in the short-winged fruits were in dormancy for a longer period of time than those in the long-winged fruits. The germination
rate was significantly higher in the seeds of long-winged fruits. The dormancy in seeds of the long-winged fruits was effectively
terminated by reducing the temperature but the effect of chilling was very weak in seeds of the short-winged fruits. It was
concluded from these observations that there exists a dimorphism in the fruits of, or a heterocarpy in,S. komarovii. The plants grown under water stress produced mostly short-winged fruits and those grown under well-watered conditions bore
fruits of both types. Exogenously applied abscisic acid (ABA) tended to produce the short-winged fruits, suggesting that the
heterocarpy was, at least partly, regulated by ABA. |
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Keywords: | Abscisic acid Heterocarpy Salsola komarovii Seed germination Water stress |
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