达赉湖自然保护区冬春季鸟类生物多样性与生境的关系

2004年4月～5月，利用样带法对达赉洲自然保护区5种主要生境类型中冬春季鸟类生物多样性进行了调查，利用Shannon—Wiener指数和Smith相关性系数分析了这5种生境类型中冬春季鸟类的生物多样性、区系、鸟类的群落组成、群落间的相似性和均匀度。结果表明，古北界鸟类是组成达赉湖鸟类群落的主体（约古冬春季鸟类的86％）：芦节湿地的鸟类多样性接近于芦苇甸的2倍：芦苇湿地鸟类群落的物种多样性最高（Shannon—Wiener指数为1．3001），而芦苇甸中鸟类群落的物种多样性最低（Shannon—Wiener指数为0．6629）；芦节湿地和芦节甸两鸟类群落组成的相关性指数仪为0．038；从儿有共同物种的多少考虑，典型草原和芨芨革单原鸟类群落之间的关联较大。

Analysis of bird diversity from different habitats in Dalai Lake natural reserve during winter and spring

From April to May in 2004, the bird diversity of the winter and the spring was investiaged in the five main habitats of Dalai lake natural reserve with sample belt. The composition, fauna, similarity of communities, evenness indices and communities biodiversity were analyzed using the Shannon-Wiener index and Smith correlation index. The results shows that most species are from the Palaearctic Realm (about 86%), the bird diversity of reed wetland is proved to be maximum (Shannon-Wiener index = 1.300 1), and reed meadow to be minimum (Shannon-Wiener index = 0.662 9). The correlation index of community composition is only 0.038 between the reed wetland and the reed meadow. The survey also reveals the simliar bird diversity between shining speargrass grassland and that of typical prairie.