大气污染对城市植被的生态胁迫效应综述

快速的城市化进程使得城市大气污染日趋严重,造成了城市植被的退化及其生态服务功能的下降。大气中的O₃、紫外(UV-B)辐射、重金属、SO₂等污染物及其复合污染从分子、细胞、个体、种群、群落和生态系统各个水平上都对城市植被造成了胁迫效应。本文从微观实验法和宏观高光谱遥感法两方面对已有的研究方法进行了分析和总结后,提出了以下几个今后需要关注的研究领域:开展野外和长期胁迫实验、植物受胁迫机理及多种因子复合胁迫研究等;同时指出应重视建筑物在城市大气污染生态胁迫中的重要作用,并在今后加强城市行道树相关方面的研究。

Review on air pollution induced ecological stress effects on urban vegetation

With the rapid development of urbanization, urban air pollution, which exacerbates degradation of urban vegetation and loss of ecological services, becomes more serious. Pollutants in air such as O_3, UV-B radiation, heavy metals, SO_2 and their compound pollutions induce ecological stress on urban vegetation in different levels of molecule, cellule, individual, population, community and ecosystem. In this paper, the authors analyze and summarize the results and methods of previous researches related to ecological stress effects of air pollution on urban vegetation. At the same time, some important research areas, which should be paid more attention to in the future, are proposed including field and long-term stress experiments, combined stress effects, action mechanism for air stress on plants and important role of buildings on ecological stress of urban air pollution, and so on. Finally, the authors point out that related research on urban street trees should be strengthened particularly.