镍污染对土壤微生物的生态效应

镍是高等植物和某些微生物必需的微量营养元素之一,在它们的生命活动中起着重要作用;但浓度较高时,也是一种极毒元素。大量的研究表明,镍污染土壤中微生物的生长、代谢、群落结构和种群多样性会受到不同程度的影响;微生物在长期受重金属威迫的环境中形成其适应性。利用微生物形成的这种适应机制,采用微生物技术治理重金属污染的土壤是可能的。本文还对镍污染土壤的微生物评价指标体系、土壤环境容量、微生物技术开发和综合治理技术开发等的进一步研究作了展望。

Review on ecological effects of microorganism in nickel polluted soil

Nickel is one of the necessary nutrition elements for some microorganism and higher plants and plays an important role in their life. However, nickel in high dose is also a extreme toxic element to biology. A great deal of research results show that nickel pollution in soil can lead to serious impacts on microorganisms. The growth, metabolism, soil enzyme activity, communities diversity of microorganism can be affected in the soil polluted by nickel. However, using microbial resistances and endurances of some bacterial species to develop the bioremediation measures treating polluted soil will be possible. Some suggestions including the polluted soil microbiological assessment, the soil environment capacity, the microbial technology and the integrated treatment technology were proposed for the future works.