我国近海赤潮多发区域及其生态学特征

根据有关的研究资料，分析我国近海赤潮多发区分布、主要赤潮生物种类、环境状况及赤潮发生生态学特点。结果表明，我国辽东湾、渤海湾、莱州湾、大连湾、长江口、舟山海域、杭州湾、厦门湾、柘林湾、大鹏湾、珠江口等为赤潮多发区。引发赤潮的因素较多，它与气象、水动力、营养盐及生物环境的变化密切相关，人类活动(如海水养殖、陆源污水排放等)影响加剧近海富营养化是引发赤潮的重要因素；但富营养化并非发生赤潮的唯一条件，低营养海区也可能发生赤潮。目前对诱发赤潮的关键因子及赤潮发生机理，应加强定点长期监测和开展深入研究。

Frequent occurrence areas of red tide and its ecological characteristics in Chinese coastal waters

Based on the relevant red tide data and research works, the distribution of coastal waters where red tides frequently occurred, main species of red tide organism, environmental conditions and red tide ecological characteristics in Chinese coastal waters were analyzed. The results showed that the Liaodong Bay, Bohai Bay, Laizhou Bay, Dalian Bay, the Changjiang River estuary, waters around Zhoushan Islands, Hangzhou Bay, Xiamen Bay, Zhelin Bay, Dapeng Bay and the Pearl River estuary were the frequent occurrence areas of red tide. Many factors might influence the occurrence of red tide, which included weather, hydrodynamic and nutrient conditions, and the variation of biological environment. Human activity, such as marine aquaculture and pollution discharged from land which accelerated eutrophication in coastal waters was also an important impact factor on red tide. However, eutrophication is not the only key to red tides, red tides also occurred in sea area with low nutrient concentration. Long-term spot monitoring should be strengthened and deeper research work should be developed, aiming at the mechanism and key inspiring factors of red tides.