顺德"青山工程"森林植被改造的群落学特征

以比较样地法对佛山市顺德区“青山工程”森林植被改造前后的群落学特征进行了研究,结果表明：该市以湿地松、隆缘桉、台湾相思、尾叶桉等人工林分为多,种类较单一,优势种明显,各群落种群重要值多集中于少数几个物种,导致生物多样性指数偏低,同时林分的胸径和树高结构大都不合理,影响了森林的生态效益和群落更新。通过林分改造,优化了群落结构,提高了多样性指数。在改造中不宜将上层乔木全伐,以保留郁闭度0．3为佳。

The Characteristics of forest communities before and after forest rehabilitation in Shunde,Guangdong Province

Based on the comparative plots monitoring method,the characteristics of forest communities before and after rehabilitation in Shunde of Guangdong Province have been investigated.The main forest types in Shunde were Pinus elliottii,Eucalyptus exserta,and Acacia confuse plantations and were singularity in species composition and low biodiversity indexes before rehabilitation as well as the simple structure.After rehabilitation,the biodiversity index (Shannon-Weiner index) can be increased from 1.6 to 3.7 (calculated by species) or from 2.1 to 4.0 (calculated by important value of species).The tree DBH and Height class curves are becoming "reverse-J" type which is in good status of the forest structure and is favor of the community succession.The suggestion of the forest rehabilitation is to select the endemic broad-leaved species,to remain some tree-layer individuals (about 0.3 of the canopy density) and to remove them gradually in the next 2-5 years along with the endemic species growing.