涟水流域水产出服务供需分析与服务流研究

水产出服务的供需的定量评估与空间制图是当前研究的核心与前沿议题, 但是需要进一步加强人类需求与自然过程的时空关联分析和服务流模拟之间的耦合。以涟水流域为研究区, 基于ArcGIS和InVEST模型, 利用多源数据构建了水产出服务供需平衡与空间流动模型, 从子流域尺度探究了涟水流域水产出服务的供需空间匹配特征与流动规律, 对流域供给区与受益区的之间的流动进行了明确。研究结果表明: (1)2000-2015年涟水流域水产出服务的供给量总体上呈现增加的趋势, 水需求量则逐年增多, 供需差额不断扩大, 四个年份的水资源安全指数平均值仅为-0.52。(2)涟水流域水产出服务的供给与需求在空间分布上呈现显著的不匹配特征, 尤其是湘乡市、娄星区、双峰县等区域水资源供需矛盾突出。(3)明确了流域内四个主要受益区域的空间范围及其相应的流动量。提出的评估模型和获得的研究成果, 为实现涟水流域水资源的合理配置, 确保流域用水安全, 进行流域水生态补偿和综合管理提供科学依据, 实现社会-经济-生态的可持续发展。

Supply and demand analysis and service flow research of water production service in Lianshui River Basin

Quantitative assessment and spatial mapping of the demand and supply of water production services are the core and frontier issues of current research,but the coupling between spatio-temporal correlation analysis of human needs and natural processes and service flow simulation needs to be further strengthened.Taking the Lianshui River basin as the research area,based on the ArcGIS and InVEST models,the multi-source data was used to construct a water production services supply and demand balance and spatial flow model.From the sub-basin scale,the spatial matching characteristics and flow laws of water production services in Lianshui River Basin are explored,and the flow between the supply area and the benefit area of the basin is clarified.The research results showed that:(1)The supply of water production services in Lianshui River basin showed an increasing trend from 2000 to 2015,and the water demand increased year by year.The average value of the water resources safety for the four years was only-0.52.(2)The supply and demand of water production services in the Lianshui River basin presented a significant mismatch in spatial distribution,especially the conflicts between water supply and demand in Xiangxiang City,Louxing District,Shuangfeng County and other regions.(3)the spatial extent of the four main benefit areas and their corresponding flows were clarified.The evaluation model and the obtained research results provided a scientific basis for realizing the rational allocation of water resources in the Lianshui River Basin,ensuring the safety of water use in the basin,carrying out ecological compensation and comprehensive management of the basin’s water,and realizing the sustainable development of society-economy-ecology.