3S技术及其在生态学研究中的应用

随着国民经济的迅速发展，人类对资源环境的需求越来越高，及时、准确、动态地获取资源现状及其变化信息对资源、生态环境的保护及可持续发展具有重要意义。本文综述了3S技术即遥感（RS）、地理信息系统（GIS）、全球定位系统（GPS）的概念、特点及其研究进展，探讨了3S技术在景观生态学及景观异质性研究、空间格局分析与模拟的应用；并对3S技术在群落生态学、植被、生物多样性研究、植被制图以及其它生态学领域中的应用作了展望。

3S tecchnolgoies and their application inecological research

With the rapid development of national economy, requirement of people for natural resources and the environment has been increasingly expanded. Thus, timely, exact and dynamic information of resource state and its dynamics is vital to the conservation of resources, protection of the environment and sustainable development. This paper gives an overview of the concepts, characteristics of 3S technologies, i.e., remote sensing (RS), Geographic Information System (GIS) and Global Positioning System (GPS); application of 3S technologies in landscape ecology, landscape heterogeneity research and spatial pattern analysis and simulation. Future advance of the application of 3S technologies in community ecology, vegetation survey, biodiversity research, vegetation mapping and many other ecological fields are also discusses in this paper.