复合茶园节肢动物类群特征值关系研究

为深入了解影响茶园节肢动物群落多样性的因子,本文对在茶园地面种植长节耳草Hedyotis uncinella Hook & Arn(茜草科,耳草属)的复合茶园茶树生境节肢动物类群多样性指数、物种丰富度、类群均匀度、物种优势度指数和类群优势集中性指数5个主要特征值之间的关系进行了因子分析与通径分析。结果显示:茶树生境节肢动物类群5个主要特征值可综合为三个主份量。第一主份量代表类群多样性指数和均匀性;第二主份量集中体现物种丰富度;第三主份量代表优势度指数,它们对方差的贡献率分别为50.279％、26.920％和22.466％。复合茶园节肢动物类群多样性与节肢动物类群丰富度和天敌类群丰富度呈极显著的正相关,而同类群优势集中性呈极显著的负相关。因此,要提高茶园节肢动物类群的多样性可通过营造复合茶园生境来增加节肢动物类群物种丰富度和天敌类群物种丰富度而减少物种优势集中性来实现。

Relationships between eigenvalues of arthropod assemblage in complex tea plantation

Complex tea orchard with ground cover plant Hedyotis uncinella Hook & Am (Rubiaceae, Hedyotis) was established in Hongxing Tea Plantation, Yingde city, Guandong province. In order to gain more knowledge of the arthropod assemblage structure, the values of assemblage diversity index (H), species richness index (R), evenness index (J), species dominance index (d) and assemblage concentration index (C) of tea tree habitat were calculated and their relationships were studied using the methods of Factor Analysis and Path Analysis. Results of Factor analysis showed that the five primary eigenvalues of arthropod assemblage comprehensively fell into three principal components. The first principal component mainly represented assemblage diversity and evenness. The second and the third components largely stood for species richness and assemblage concentration index, respectively. The proportions of variance of the three principal components were 50.279%, 26.92% and 22.466%, respectively. Path Analysis outcomes indicated that the diversity of arthropod assemblage had a significant and positive correlation with the species richness of arthropod assemblage and natural enemy assemblage, while a significant and negative correlation with assemblage concentration index. Thus, the diversity of arthropod assemblage could be increased by promoting the species richness of arthropod assemblage and natural enemy assemblage, whereas decreasing assemblage concentration index through establishing complex tea plantation.