微生态制剂在水产养殖中的应用

随着健康养殖发展的需求，微生态制剂在水产动物中的应用逐渐成为当今的研究热点。有益菌在提高人和动物营养和防病方面的作用已得到证实。关于高等动植物的生物防治理论也应用于水产养殖中，微生态制剂的应用作为抗生素的替代品逐渐成为水产养殖动物病害防治的一种生物控制模式。本文简要介绍了微生态制剂概念的形成和发展过程，分别在营养特性、免疫特性和改善养殖生态环境三个方面阐述了其在水产养殖中的应用。虽然，微生态制剂在水产中的应用取得了一定的成效，但是仍然处于发展的初级阶段，有待进一步的研究。文章还阐明了微生态制剂的生产工艺和施用原则，最后就微生态制剂的应用问题提出了作者自己的观点和展望。

Application of microbial preparation in aquaculture

The research of microbial preparation for aquaculture is increasing rapidly with the demand for environment-friendly aquaculture. The probiotics applications were shown to improve human and terrestrial animals nutrition and reduce pathogenic problems. Now some commercial products as treating to altitude propagation are designing to treat in aquaculture. The usage of probiotics is gaining acceptance to substitute of antibiotics to control potential pathogens in aquaculture. This paper reviewed the formation and development of microbial preparation concept, explained microbial preparation applications in aquaculture in the three aspects: nutrition characteristic, immune characteristic and the aspect of improving ecological environment. The application of probiotics in aquaculture shows promise, but yet it is at early stage of development and further research is still needed. This paper further expounded the production technology of microbial preparation and principle of using, put forward author's own view on the application of microbial preparation at last.