月亮山景区景观格局分析研究

根据景观生态学原理,区域的景观空间格局与生态过程具有较大关系。运用GIS技术,选取了景观多样性指数(H)、优势度(D)、均匀度(E)、景观破碎度(C)、景观分离度(I)五个景观指数,分析了"三江并流"国家级风景名胜区月亮山景区规划前后的格局变化。结果表明:规划后,景区内增加了风景游赏用地、游赏设施用地、交通设施用地、滞留用地等四种新的土地利用类型,形成了新的景观格局。景观层面:整体优势度下降、多样性上升、均匀度上升;斑块层面:林地、灌木林、荒草地和水域的破碎度上升,耕地的破碎度下降。林地的分离度上升,灌木林、荒草地的分离度下降。总的来说,规划对生态环境的影响不明显,且增加了景区趣味性,有利于生态保护及旅游活动的开展。

Study on landscape patter of the Moon Mountain Scenic Spot

According to the theory of landscape ecology,landscape structure is more related to ecological processes.Based on GIS,the changes of landscape pattern before and after the overall plan of the Moon Mountain Scenic Spot were analyzed by selecting five landscape index including landscape diversity index,dominance index,evenness index,landscape fragmentation index and landscape separation index.The results indicated that: after the planning,there was an increasing of four types of landscape in the Moon Mountain Scenic Spot.On the landscape level,there was an increasing of landscape diversity index and evenness index and a decreasing of dominance index;on the patch level,there was an increasing of the landscape fragmentation index of forest,bush,grassland and waters and the landscape separation index of forest.There was a decreasing of the landscape fragmentation index of arable land and the landscape separation index of bush and grassland.Overall,planning scheme has differential impact on environment,enhances interesting of the Moon Mountain Scenic Area,and contributes to the development of tourism activities.