Isolation and characterization of phenol-degrading yeasts from an oil refinery wastewater in Brazil |
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Authors: | Lidianne Leal Rocha Rossana de Aguiar Cordeiro Rivelino Martins Cavalcante Ronaldo Ferreira do Nascimento Suzana Cláudia Silveira Martins Sandra Tédde Santaella Vânia Maria Maciel Melo |
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Institution: | (1) Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Biology, Sciences Center, Federal University of Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 909, Fortaleza, CE, CEP: 60.451-970, Brazil;(2) Department of Biology, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil;(3) Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physiochemistry, Sciences Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil;(4) Department of Hydraulics, Technology Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil |
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Abstract: | This study investigated the aerobic degradation of phenol by yeast strains isolated from an oil refinery wastewater from the
Northeast of Brazil. The samples displayed low fungal diversity, as only yeast colonies were detected on Sabouraud dextrose
agar containing chloramphenicol 0.05% (w/v). Among the isolates, three yeast strains were selected to be evaluated for their
potential for degrading high phenol concentrations. These species were identified through morphological and biochemical characteristics
as Candida tropicalis, C. rugosa, and Pichia membranaefaciens. Although the strains were able to degrade the phenol concentration present in the wastewater, which was 7 mg l−1, only C. tropicalis was capable of growing at high concentrations of phenol such as 500 mg l−1 and 1,000 mg l−1 in a mineral medium containing this pollutant as the only carbon source. C. rugosa and P. membranaefaciens were inhibited in the presence of 500 mg l−1 of phenol. However, a longer incubation time was needed for C. tropicalis strain to degrade 1,000 mg l−1 of phenol compared to the time required to degrade 500 mg l−1. Moreover, the strain released a significant amount of polysaccharide biosurfactant in the medium probably to minimize the
toxic effect of the high phenol concentration. When challenged with 1,500 and 2,000 mg l−1 of phenol, C. tropicalis was unable to grow at the tested conditions. The results indicate that this strain of C. tropicalis can be considered both a good phenol-degrader and biosurfactant-producer. Application of this strain might be useful in bioremediation
activities or treatment of phenol-polluted wastewater. |
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Keywords: | Phenol biodegradation Yeast Wastewater Oil refinery |
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