Heterotrophic bacterial diversity in aquatic microbial mat communities from Antarctica |
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Authors: | Karolien?Peeters Elie?Verleyen Dominic?A?Hodgson Peter?Convey Damien?Ertz Wim?Vyverman Email author" target="_blank">Anne?WillemsEmail author |
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Institution: | (1) Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;(2) Protistology and Aquatic Ecology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S8, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;(3) British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ET, UK;(4) Department Bryophytes-Thallophytes, National Botanic Garden of Belgium, 1860 Meise, Belgium; |
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Abstract: | Heterotrophic bacteria isolated from five aquatic microbial mat samples from different locations in continental Antarctica
and the Antarctic Peninsula were compared to assess their biodiversity. A total of 2,225 isolates obtained on different media
and at different temperatures were included. After an initial grouping by whole-genome fingerprinting, partial 16S rRNA gene
sequence analysis was used for further identification. These results were compared with previously published data obtained
with the same methodology from terrestrial and aquatic microbial mat samples from two additional Antarctic regions. The phylotypes
recovered in all these samples belonged to five major phyla, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Deinococcus-Thermus, and included several potentially new taxa. Ordination analyses were performed in order to explore the variance in the diversity
of the samples at genus level. Habitat type (terrestrial vs. aquatic) and specific conductivity in the lacustrine systems
significantly explained the variation in bacterial community structure. Comparison of the phylotypes with sequences from public
databases showed that a considerable proportion (36.9%) is currently known only from Antarctica. This suggests that in Antarctica,
both cosmopolitan taxa and taxa with limited dispersal and a history of long-term isolated evolution occur. |
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