AMPK对线粒体功能的调节

5’单磷酸腺苷活化蛋白激酶（AMP—activated protein kinase，AMPK）是细胞的能量感受器，调节细胞能量代谢，在正常细胞和癌细胞中均发挥重要的生物功能，它的激活有助于纠正代谢紊乱，使细胞代谢趋向生理平衡。在细胞应急反应中，细胞感受到能量危机，ATP浓度下降，AMP浓度上升，细胞内AMP／ATP比例上升，AMPK被激活：而在病理状态下，如代谢综合征、肿瘤等，常伴随能量代谢紊乱和AMPK激活抑制，因此，AMPK被视为治疗代谢性疾病与肿瘤的潜在作用靶点。然而，AMPK对能量代谢的调节与线粒体的功能密不可分，线粒体作为细胞的能量工厂，在健康与疾病中也发挥着重要的作用。越来越多的研究表明，线粒体能影响AMPK的活性，同时AMPK也通过多方面对线粒体进行调节，线粒体相关疾病与AMPK的调节有着密切的关系。该文主要针对AMPK是如何对线粒体的合成、线粒体自噬、内源性凋亡及线粒体相关疾病等方面进行综述。

AMPK Regulate Mitochondrial Function

AMP-activated protein kinase （AMPK） serves as a fuel sensor that plays important roles in regu- lating energy metabolisms in almost all cells under both physiological and pathological circumstances. AMPK is ac- tivated under stresses, when cells sense energy crisis concurrent with decreases in ATP levels and increases in AMP or the ratio of AMP to ATE Some pathological conditions such as metabolic syndrome and cancer are also accom- panied by deregulated energy metabolism and inhibition of AMPK. The activation of AMPK is helpful to restore physiological energy homeostasis. As such, AMPK emerges as promising therapeutic target for these disorders. The regulation of energy homeostasis by AMPK is closely related to the function of mitochondrion, which acts as an energy plant and is involved in both physiological and pathological processes. Mounting evidence has demonstrated that mitochondria can regulate AMPK activity and vice versa. AMPK also regulates mitochondria function in vari- ous aspects. In this review, we summarize recent research progress on how AMPK regulates mitochondrial biogen- esis, mitophagy, intrinsic apoptosis and mitochondrion-related diseases.