The impact of climate change on lakes in the Netherlands: a review |
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Authors: | Wolf M Mooij Stephan Hülsmann Lisette N De Senerpont Domis Bart A Nolet Paul L E Bodelier Paul C M Boers L Miguel Dionisio Pires Herman J Gons Bas W Ibelings Ruurd Noordhuis Rob Portielje Kirsten Wolfstein Eddy H R R Lammens |
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Institution: | (1) NIOO-KNAW, Centre for Limnology, Rijksstraatweg 6, 3631, AC, Nieuwersluis, The Netherlands;(2) RIZA, P.O. Box 17, 8200, AA, Lelystad, The Netherlands;(3) Insititute of Hydrobiology, Dresden, University of Technology, 01062 Dresden, Germany |
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Abstract: | Climate change will alter freshwater ecosystems but specific effects will vary among regions and the type of water body. Here,
we give an integrative review of the observed and predicted impacts of climate change on shallow lakes in the Netherlands
and put these impacts in an international perspective. Most of these lakes are man-made and have preset water levels and poorly
developed littoral zones. Relevant climatic factors for these ecosystems are temperature, ice-cover and wind. Secondary factors
affected by climate include nutrient loading, residence time and water levels. We reviewed the relevant literature in order
to assess the impact of climate change on these lakes. We focussed on six management objectives as bioindicators for the functioning
of these ecosystems: target species, nuisance species, invading species, transparency, carrying capacity and biodiversity.
We conclude that climate change will likely (i) reduce the numbers of several target species of birds; (ii) favour and stabilize
cyanobacterial dominance in phytoplankton communities; (iii) cause more serious incidents of botulism among waterfowl and
enhance the spreading of mosquito borne diseases; (iv) benefit invaders originating from the Ponto-Caspian region; (v) stabilize
turbid, phytoplankton-dominated systems, thus counteracting restoration measures; (vi) destabilize macrophyte-dominated clear-water
lakes; (vii) increase the carrying capacity of primary producers, especially phytoplankton, thus mimicking eutrophication;
(viii) affect higher trophic levels as a result of enhanced primary production; (ix) have a negative impact on biodiversity
which is linked to the clear water state; (x) affect biodiversity by changing the disturbance regime. Water managers can counteract
these developments by reduction of nutrient loading, development of the littoral zone, compartmentalization of lakes and fisheries
management. |
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Keywords: | Biodiversity Carrying capacity Invading species Nuisance species Temperature Transparency |
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