红火蚁入侵和未入侵生境中蚂蚁的觅食强度

采用诱饵诱集法，对华南地区3种典型的红火蚁入侵和未入侵生境中蚂蚁对4种诱饵（蜂蜜、花生油、火腿肠和黄粉虫幼虫）的搜寻时间、召集时间及召集数量进行研究，并分析了红火蚁入侵对蚂蚁觅食强度的影响.结果表明：草坪红火蚁入侵区，蚂蚁对黄粉虫幼虫和花生油的搜寻时间极显著或显著短于对照区（红火蚁非入侵区）；荒草地红火蚁入侵区，蚂蚁对4种诱饵的搜寻时间与对照区的差异均不显著，在花生油上的召集时间显著长于对照区；荔枝园红火蚁入侵区，蚂蚁对4种诱饵的搜寻时间及召集时间与对照区均无显著差异.诱饵设置30 min时，草坪红火蚁入侵区，花生油、黄粉虫幼虫、火腿肠上的红火蚁工蚁数量均显著多于本地蚂蚁工蚁数量；荒草地红火蚁入侵区，花生油上的红火蚁工蚁数量明显多于本地蚂蚁工蚁数量，其余诱饵上红火蚁工蚁数量与本地蚂蚁工蚁数量的差异不显著；荔枝园红火蚁入侵区，4种诱饵上红火蚁工蚁数量与本地蚂蚁工蚁数量的差异均不显著.

Foraging intensity of ants in Solenopsis invicta Buren(Hymenoptera : Formiciddae)invaded and un-invaded habitats

By the methods of bait(honey,peanut oil,sausage,and mealworm larvae)trap,this paper studied the searching time,recruitment time,and recruitment number of ants in 3 typical habitats invaded and un-invaded by red imported fire ant(Solenopsis invicta)in South China,and analyzed the effects of S.invicta invasion on the foraging intensity of native ants.In S.invicta invaded lawn,the searching time of ants for mealworm larvae and peanut oil was significantly shorter,compared with that in S.invicta un-invaded area.Less difference was observed in the searching time for the 4 baits between S.invicta invaded and un-invaded wasteland,but the recruitment time for peanut oil was significantly longer in invaded than in un-invaded area.The searching time and recruitment time of the ants for the 4 baits had less difference between the invaded and un-invaded litchi orchard.30 min after setting bait traps,the recruitment number of S.invicta workers on peanut oil,mealworm larvae,and sausage in invaded lawn,and on peanut oil in invaded wasteland was larger than that of native ants,but no significant difference was found in the recruitment number of S.invicta workers and native ants on the baits in invaded litchi orchard.