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根际圈在污染土壤修复中的作用与机理分析
引用本文:魏树和,周启星,张凯松,梁继东.根际圈在污染土壤修复中的作用与机理分析[J].应用生态学报,2003,14(1):143-147.
作者姓名:魏树和  周启星  张凯松  梁继东
作者单位:中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所陆地生态过程重点实验室,沈阳,110016
基金项目:中国科学院百人计划项目,国家重点基础研究发展规划项目 ( 973项目 ) (G19990 1180 8),中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向资助项目 (KZCX2-SW-416 ) .
摘    要:根际圈以植物根系为中心聚集了大量的生命物质及其分泌物,构成了极为独特的“生态修复单元”。本文叙述了根在根际圈污染土壤修复中的生理生态作用,富集、固定重金属,吸收、降解有机污染物等功能;菌根真菌对根际圈内重金属的吸收、屏障及螯合作用,对有机污染物的降解作用;根际圈内细菌对重金属的吸附与固定,对有机污染物的降解作用以及根际圈真菌和细菌的联合修复作用等,同时对可能存在的机理进行了分析,认为根际圈对污染土壤的修复作用是植物修复的重要组成部分和主要理论基础之一,并指出利用重金属超富集植物修复重金属污染土壤具有广阔的应用前景;筛选对水溶性有机污染物高吸收富集及其根 发泌能力强的特异植物,同时接种利于有机污染物降解的专性或非专性真菌和细菌可能会成为有机污染土壤植物修复研究的重要方向之一。

关 键 词:污染土壤  植物修复  根限圈  重金属  生态系统
文章编号:1001-9332(2003)01-0143-05
修稿时间:2002年4月2日

Roles of rhizosphere in remediation of contaminated soils and its mechanisms
WEI Shuhe,ZHOU Qixing,ZHANG Kaisong,LIANG Jidong.Roles of rhizosphere in remediation of contaminated soils and its mechanisms[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2003,14(1):143-147.
Authors:WEI Shuhe  ZHOU Qixing  ZHANG Kaisong  LIANG Jidong
Institution:Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecological Process, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China. shuhew@hotmail.com
Abstract:Rhizosphere is a special'ecological remediation unit'to treat contaminated soils, which contains a great quantity of microorganisms such as fungi and rhizobacteria living with plant roots. Thus, physiological and ecological roles of plant roots to remedy contaminated soils, to accumulate and to solidify heavy metals, to absorb and degrade organic pollutants in rhizosphere were illustrated, and the function of mycorrhizospheric fungi to absorb, barrier and chelate heavy metals, to degrade organic pollutants through their metabolism activities, the action of rhizobacteria to absorb and solidify heavy metals, to degrade organic pollutants in rhizosphere through their active living activities, and the combined remediation of fungi and bacteria to pollutants in rhizosphere and their relevant mechanisms were explained. It was suggested that the remediation role of rhizosphere was the main part of phytoremediation,and one of the main basic theories to remedy contaminated soils by the activity of green plants and other organisms. The use of hyperaccumulative plants in remedying soils contaminated by some heavy metals would be prospective. It would be one of the important approach to contaminated soils remediation by organic pollutants through the mechanism of screening some special plants whose roots had strong secreting ability to absorb and accumulate dissolvent organic pollutants on the basis of inoculating specific or non-specific fungi and bacteria from the rhizosphere. This will be a developing trend of research on the remediation of contaminated soils by organic pollutants.
Keywords:Contaminated soil  Phytoremediation  Rhizosphere  Heavy metal  Ecosystem  
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