不同环境条件对三种筋型小麦品质性状的影响

选用6个有代表性的强筋、中筋和弱筋小麦品种在河南省5个纬度点(32°N～36°N)种植，研究了3种筋型小麦品质性状在不同环境的变化特点．结果表明，粗蛋白含量、湿面筋含量、弱化度、评价值和延伸性受纬度环境影响较大，面团流变学特性的粉质仪参数和拉伸仪参数的品种间差异达显著水平，且这些品质性状的变异系数较大．不同筋型品种不同品质性状的变化以及不同品质性状在不同纬度间的变化不同，除个别纬度点外，蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、形成时间、评价值、延伸性、抗延伸性和最大抗延伸性有随纬度升高逐渐增加趋势，吸水率呈降低趋势．多数品质性状在信阳(32°N)与驻马店(33°N)之间有一个较为明显的分界线．根据研究结果，对河南省优质小麦品种布局利用和调优栽培技术提出了建议。

Effects of different environments on qualitative characters of three gluten wheat cultivars

Six cultivars including strong, middle and weak gluten wheat varieties were cultivated at five latitudes(from 32 degrees N to 36 degrees N) in Henan Province, and the variations of their qualitative characters were analyzed in relation to the different environments. The result indicated that latitudes had great effects on the protein content, wet gluten content, softening degree, evaluation value, and extensibility of the cultivars. The rheological parameters measured by farinogram and the extensogram were significantly different among different among different cultivars, and the coefficients of variation were quite large. The variations in qualitative characters among cultivars and among latitudes were different. With the rising latitude, the protein content, wet gluten content, development time, evaluation value, extensibility, resistance, and maximum resistance showed an increase tendency, with a few exceptions for certain latitude. For most qualitative characters, there was a clear boundary between Xinyan(32 degrees N) and Zhumadian(33 degrees N). According to these results, suggestions in the latitude layout of the hi-quality wheat cultivars and in improving their cultuvation practices were made.