哈尔滨市绿地系统生态功能分析

将哈尔滨市的典型绿地分为片状绿地和带状绿地，按乔灌草、乔草、灌草、乔木、灌木和草坪等种植结构类型，定点定时测定绿地中心和对照点的光照，温度、湿度及CO2浓度，结果表明，在片状绿地中，除草坪外，其它绿地均具有一定的遮荫效应，乔灌草、乔木、乔草和灌木结构绿地在降温、增湿和调节CO2浓度方面也均明显高于草坪，带状绿地在遮荫、降温、增温和调节CO2浓度方面也有一定的作用，其中灌木结构地遮荫效应最强，乔灌结构绿地在降温、增湿、释氧固碳方面表现最佳，相同种植结构的绿地中片状绿地的生态效益大于带状绿地，片状绿地或带状绿地的复层结构生态效益均大于单层结构。

Ecological functions of green land system in Harbin

Patch and strip green lands in Harbin with plantation structure of tree+shrub+herb,tree+herb,shrub+herb,tree,shrub,and lawn were selected as studied objects. Through testing PAR,temperature (t),relative humidity (RH),and CO 2 concentration in the center and outside of the selected green lands,the ecological functions of the green lands on regulating city microclimate were analyzed. The results showed that except lawn,patch green lands had the function of shading. Green lands with plantation structure of tree+shrub+herb,tree,tree+herb,and shrub had greater effects on lowering temperature,increasing humidity,and adjusting CO 2 concentration than that of lawn. Strip green lands also had certain effects on shading,lowering temperature,increasing humidity,and adjusting CO 2 concentration. Among different plantation structures of stripe green lands,shrub had the best effect on shading,and tree+shrub had the best effects on lowering temperature,increasing humidity,and adjusting CO 2 concentration. The ecological functions of patch green lands were better than those of strip green lands with the same plantation structure,and green lands with multistoried structure had greater ecological effects than those with single layer.