苗期遮光光质对生姜光合及生长的影响

以不同颜色塑料薄膜为遮光材料，研究了苗期遮光光质对生姜生长及光合作用的影响.结果表明:幼苗覆膜期，生姜叶片叶绿素含量以蓝膜及绿膜处理较高，白膜次之，红膜较低；叶片P_n则以绿膜处理较高，为14.9 μmol·m^-2·s^-1（第4叶），分别较白膜、红膜及蓝膜提高5.7%、10.4%和18.3%.旺盛生长期撤膜后，P_n较幼苗期升高，但处理间的变化趋势与幼苗期相似；新生叶片叶绿素含量除红膜处理较低外，其它处理无显著差异，但下位叶片叶绿素含量则以蓝膜和红膜处理显著低于绿膜和白膜处理.蓝膜处理生姜植株茎秆增高、变细，分枝数较少；绿膜处理植株根、茎、叶及根茎鲜质量较高，白膜、红膜及蓝膜处理依次降低，收获时，其产量分别达57 000、53 709、51 487和48 712 kg·hm^-2.说明生姜苗期采用绿膜遮光，可增强叶片光合作用，促进植株生长，提高生姜产量.

Effects of shading light quality at seedling stage on the photosynthesis and growth of ginger.

With different color plastic films as shading materials, this paper studied the effects of shading light quality at seedling stage on the growth and photosynthesis of ginger. The results showed that shading with green or blue film induced the greatest chlorophyll content in ginger leaves, followed by shading with white film, and red film. In parallel, the photosynthetic rate under green film-shading was the highest, being 14.9 micromol x m(-2) x s(-1) in the 4th leaves, which was 5.7%, 10.4%, and 18.3% higher than that under white, red, and blue film-shading, respectively. After removing the films at vigorous growth stage, the photosynthetic rate became larger, and its change pattern in different shading treatments was similar to that at seedling stage. No significant differences in the chlorophyll content of young leaves were observed among the shading treatments, except the low chlorophyll content under red film-shading. In contrast, the chlorophyll content in low position leaves under blue and red film-shading was lower than that under green and white film-shading. In the whole growth period, the plants under blue film-shading were higher in height and with thinner stem and lesser shoot, compared with those shaded with other color films. The fresh mass of root, stem, leaf, and rhizome decreased in the order of green, white, red, and blue film-shading, and the yields at harvesting stage were 57,000, 53,709, 51,487, and 48,712 kg x hm(-2), respectively, illustrating that shading with green film at seedling stage could increase the leaf photosynthesis, plant growth, and yield of ginger.