城市水资源生态足迹核算模型及应用——以沈阳市为例

水资源生态足迹可以直接反映区域人类社会经济活动对水资源的压力.本研究在现有的生态足迹模型基础上,充分考虑城市自然生态系统对水资源的需求,建立了包括居民日常生活用水、生产运营用水、公共服务用水和生态需水4类帐户的城市水资源生态足迹核算模型,并结合沈阳市实际情况,确定了模型中的相关参数,对沈阳市水资源生态足迹和生态承载力进行分析.结果表明:2000-2009年,沈阳市人均水资源生态足迹总体呈下降态势,但各年度均为水生态赤字；2005年较2000年水资源生态足迹人均下降0.31 hm2,2006、2007年有小幅回升,2008、2009年趋于平稳,说明沈阳市水资源可持续利用状况有一定改善,但仍处于不可持续状态.

Calculation model of urban water resources ecological footprint and its application:A case study in Shenyang City of Northeast China

Water resources ecological footprint can directly reflect the pressure of human social and economic activities to water resources,and provide important reference for the rational utilization of water resources.Based on the existing ecological footprint models and giving full consideration of the water resources need of urban ecological system,this paper established a new calculation model of urban water resources ecological footprint,including domestic water account,process water account,public service water account,and ecological water requirement account.According to the actual situation of Shenyang City,the key parameters of the model were determined,and the water resources ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of the City were calculated and analyzed.From 2000 to 2009,the water resources ecological footprint per capita of the City presented an overall decreasing trend,but still had an annual ecological deficit.As compared to that in 2000,the water resources ecological footprint per capita was decreased to 0.31 hm2 in 2005,increased slightly in 2006 and 2007,and remained stable in 2008 and 2009,which suggested that the sustainable utilization of water resources in Shenyang City had definite improvement,but was still in an unsustainable development situation.