濒危植物永瓣藤的种群结构及与环境的关系

基于相邻格子法调查资料,分析了安徽省南部山区--祁门县棕里村次生灌丛、毛竹林、杉木林和马尾松林4种类型群落中永瓣藤种群的基径、结构以及环境因子对其种群特征的影响.结果表明:不同群落中永瓣藤种群的平均基径依次为毛竹林(10.5mm)＞马尾松林(9.1mm)＞杉木林(7.2mm)＞次生灌丛(7.0mm),其中次生灌丛、杉木林与毛竹林、马尾松林之间的差异均达到显著水平(P<0.05).不同群落中永瓣藤种群的结构有一定差异,次生灌丛和马尾松林群落的径级呈非典型的金字塔型分布,为稳定型种群;毛竹林群落属于纺锤形,以中等级别个体最多,种群处于衰退的早期阶段;杉木林群落属于典型金字塔型,永瓣藤幼苗数量最多.棕里村永瓣藤种群的存活曲线属于DeeveyⅡ,为增长型种群,未出现衰退迹象.永瓣藤适于生长在海拔低、土壤含水量和有机质含量高、坡度缓和、乔木层盖度较高的生境中,频繁的人为干扰将对其种群更新产生不良影响.最后就有关永瓣藤的保护提出了一些建议.

Population structure of endangered Monimopetalum chinense and its relationships with environmental factors

Based on the field investigation data obtained from the typical plots of four community types, i. e. , secondary shrub, Phyllostachys edulis forest, Cunninghamia lanceolata forest, and Pinus massoniana forest, in the Zongli Village of Qimen County in Anhui Province, this paper studied the mean basal diameter and structure of Monimopetalum chinense population, and the effects of environmental factors on the population characteristics. The results showed that the mean basal diameter of M. chinense in the communities was in the order of P. edulis forest > P. massoniana forest > C. lanceolata forest > secondary shrub, and significantly larger in the two former forests than in the others (P < 0.05). The population structure of M. chinense also differed with habits. In secondary shrub and P. massoniana forest, the structure was a aptypical pyramid-like form, suggesting that the population was stable; in P. edulis forest, it was a spindle type, indicating that the population was at the early stage of declining; whereas in C. lanceolata forest, it was a typical pyramid-like form, with most young individuals in the population. The survival curve of the whole population belonged to Deevey II, suggesting that the population was in developing tendency with no declination. M. chinense preferred the sites with low altitude, high soil moisture and organic matter contents, gentle slope, and high coverage of tree layer; while frequent human disturbance decreased its natural regeneration and stability. Based on the results obtained, some preliminary protection suggestions were proposed.