森林流域坡面流与壤中流耦合模型的构建与应用

采用饱和入渗理论、Saint-Venant方程和Richards方程构建了以有限差分法求解的坡面流与壤中流耦合模型，并模拟了不同坡度和不同雨强下的坡面产汇流室内实验.结果表明：该模型模拟的坡面流和壤中流过程与实测过程基本一致，峰现时间、径流历时、峰值流量、出流总量模拟值与实测值的相对误差均较小，基本小于10%.模型的模拟精度较高，实用性较强，为深入研究壤中流机制和改进流域降雨-径流模型提供了理论依据.

Construction and application of a coupled slope surface-subsurface flow model for forested watershed.

A coupled slope surface-subsurface flow model which can be solved by finite difference method was constructed with saturated infiltration theory, Saint-Venant equation, and Richards equation, and a series of slope runoff generation experiments under conditions of different slope grades and rain intensities were conducted in laboratory. The results showed that the simulated and observed processes of surface-subsurface flow accorded well, with the relative errors of peak time, flow duration, peak flow, and gross flow being mostly less than 10%. This precise and practicable model could be used in further studying the mechanisms of subsurface flow and in providing theoretical basis for improving rainfall-runoff watershed models.