人工湿地污水处理工艺设计关键及生态学问题

人工湿地污水处理系统是一种经济高效的污水生态处理技术方式．然而，湿地污水处理技术在性能上仍须有待发展与完善，尤其需要对其处理工艺参数进行不断改进和系统优化．本文针对人工湿地污水处理工程中有关水力停留时间、水传导因素、表面负荷率和工程构筑物设计等技术参数，概括性地剖析、探讨了国内外人工湿地污水处理工艺的设计关键及其主要技术内涵，给出了一些重要的优化模型与最佳数值；与此同时，分析、提出了利用生态学方法克服人工湿地工程运行中所涉及的野生生物管理与蚊蝇控制等问题。

Designing cruxes and ecological issues of constructed wetland systems for wastewater treatment

Constructed wetland system for wastewater treatment is an important technological mode of economical and high-effective ecological treatment of wastewater,but it is still necessary to develop and perfect in its performance,and in particular,to make a continuous improvement and systematic optimization in its technical parameters.In this paper,the designing cruxes of constructed wetland systems for wastewater treatment at home and abroad were summarily discussed,and the optimal models and most adaptable values for constructed wetland systems were given on the basis of technological parameters such as hydraulic residence time,hydraulic conduction factors,surface loading rate,and engineering-construct design.In the meantime,some ecological methods were recommended to solve the management of wild animals and mosquito problems resulted from the operation of constructed wetland systems for wastewater treatment.