对虾行为生态学研究进展Ⅱ.环境因子对对虾行为习性的影响

综述了近年来国内外关于外界环境因子对对虾行为习性影响的研究进展.着重介绍了光、水流和潮汐、溶解氧、底质及水温等环境因子对对虾摄食、运动、产卵、蜕皮及潜底和浮现等行为习性的影响,并探讨了对虾对环境因子变动的行为调节.提出了对虾行为生态学研究中存在的问题以及今后的研究方向,即对虾的行为习性和疾病传播间的关系、对虾的行为习性对养殖生态系统的影响和高密度工厂化养殖环境对对虾行为特征的综合影响等.

Research advances in behavioral ecology of penaeid shrimp Ⅱ . Effects of environmental factors on behavior of penaeid shrimps

Animal has an extrinsic response to the changes of internal and external environments. To ensure the stabilization of internal environment, animal should adjust its behavior to conform the changes of external environmental factors. This paper reviewed the research advances at home and abroad on the effects of environmental factors on the behavior of penaeid shrimps, with the focus on the effects of light, current and tide, dissolved oxygen, substrate, and water temperature on the feeding, locomotion, spawning, moulting, burrowing and emergence of penaeid shrimps. The behavioral adjustment of penaeid shrimps to the changes of environmental factors was also summarized. The existing problems and future research directions in the behavioral ecology of penaeid shrimps, e. g., the relationships between penaeid shrimps behavior and disease spread, effects of penaeid shrimps behavior on aquaculture ecosystem, and effects of environmental factors on penaeid shrimps behavior in intensive and highdensity culture, were put forward.