气候变化对内蒙古中东部沙地-湿地镶嵌景观的影响

利用小波分析和遥感技术相结合的方法，研究了气候变化对1961—2005年内蒙古中东部沙地-湿地镶嵌景观的影响.结果表明：1961—2005年，研究区年均气温呈直线上升趋势，增温率为0.32 ℃·（10 a）^-1，年降水量变化呈现30 a的长周期和15 a的短周期，年均风速呈下降趋势，10 a的风速减小率为0.26 m·s^-1;研究区东南部存在一个气候变化恒定区域，由此恒定区向西北进入浑善达克沙地腹地，向东逐步进入科尔沁沙地腹地;2010年以前，研究区仍将维持气温升高、降水偏少、风速减小的趋势;受气候暖干化的影响，浑善达克沙地及其周围湿地的总面积呈逐年缩小趋势，随着沙地内部植被的退化，流动沙地不断扩大、湿地萎缩、湖泊干涸，而相应的固定和半固定沙地面积则明显减少.

Influence of climate change on mosaic landscape of sand land-wetland in middle-east Inner Mongolia.

By using wavelet transform and remote sensing techniques, the influence of clima te change on the unique mosaic landscape of sand land-wetland in middle-east I nner Mongolia in 1961-2005 was studied. The results showed tha t in 1961-2005, the annual air temperature in study area had a n increment of 032 ℃·(10 a)-1, the annual precipitation fluctuated with a cycle of 30 years and of 15 years, and the annual average wind speed decreased by 026 m·s-1·（10 a）-1. In the southeast part of study area, which located in the places between Hunshandake sand land and Keerqin Deserts, there w as a district, in which, the climatic characteristics did not change evidently. Until 2010, the study area would still have an increasing air temperature, lesse r precipitation, and decreasing wind speed. Under the influence of warming and drying, the total area of Hunshandake sand land and the wetland a round reduced year after year, and, with the vegetation degradation on sand land , wetland shrunk and lake dried up, moving sand land enlarged ceaselessly, whil e immovable and semi-moving sand lands reduced obviously.