稻田氮肥的氨挥发损失与稻季大气氮的湿沉降

通过田间小区与大田试验，对稻季期间氮肥的氨挥发损失和大气氮湿沉降状况进行了收集和监测。结果表明，每次施肥后的1～3日内氨挥发损失达到最大值，氨挥发损失受当地气候条件(如光照、温度、湿度、风速、降雨量)、施肥时期以及田面水的NH4^+-N浓度等因素的影响,大气氮湿沉降与施肥量和降雨量有关,稻季内由湿沉降带入土壤或地表水中的氮为7．51kg·hm^-2。其中,NH4^+-N的比例为39．8％～73.2％,平均为55．5％；稻季中总氨挥发量与湿沉降的NH4^+-N平均浓度和总沉降量的相关系数分别达到0．988和0．996，呈显著相关性。

Ammonia volatilization loss of nitrogen fertilizer from rice field and wet deposition of atmospheric nitrogen in rice growing season

Plot and field experiments showed that the NH3 volatilization loss from rice field reached its maximum in 1-3 days after N-fertilization, which was affected by the local climate conditions (e.g., sun illumination, temperature, humidity, wind speed, and rainfall), fertilization time, and ammonium concentration in surface water of the rice field. The wet deposition of atmospheric nitrogen was correlated with the application rate of N fertilizer and the rainfall. The amount of nitrogen brought into soil or surface water by the wet deposition in rice growing season reached 7.5 kg.hm-2. The percent of NH4(+)-N in the wet deposition was about 39.8%-73.2%, with an average of 55.5%. There was a significant correlation of total ammonia volatilization loss with the average concentration of NH4(+)-N in wet deposition and total amount of wet deposition in rice growing season.