某冶炼厂周围8种植物对重金属的吸收与富集作用

采用野外采样系统分析法，研究了沈阳冶炼厂的8种植物对重金属(Pb、Zn、Cu和Cd)的吸收与富集作用以及可能的耐性机制.结果表明，植物对重金属的吸收和富集,因植物种类、部位及重金属种类而不同.茼麻(Abutilon theophrasti)对Pb的吸收和富集能力较强，小白酒花(Conyza canadensis)、三裂叶豚草(Ambrosia trifida)、酸模叶蓼(Polygonum lapathifolium)、茼麻、龙葵(Solanum nigrum)、绿珠藜(Chenopodium acuminatum)和菊芋(Helianthus tuberosus)对Zn的吸收和富集效果较好，绿珠藜和茼麻对Cu的吸收和富集能力较强，龙葵、绿珠藜、茼麻、酸模叶蓼和小白酒花对Cd的吸收和富集能力较强.这些植物向地上部转移某些重金属的能力很强，转移系数大于1，可用于植物提取方式的污染土壤修复.其他转移系数小于1的植物，适合于重金属污染土壤的植物稳定.

Absorption and accumulation of heavy metals by plants around a smelter

The study on the absorption and accumulation of heavy metals lead, zinc, copper and cadmium by 8 plant species around a smelter showed that the metals accumulation by plants differed with plant species, their parts, and kinds of metals. Abutilon theophrasti had a higher capability of absorbing and accumulating Pb, Conyza canadensis, Ambrosia tri fida , Polygonum lapathi folium , A . theophrasti , Solanum nigrum , Chenopodium acuminatum and Helianthus tuberosus had a higher capability of absorbing and acemnulating Zn, C. acuminatum and A. theophrasti had a higher capability of absorbing and accumulating Cu, and S. nigrum, C. acuminatum, A. theophrasti, P. lapathifolium and C. canadensis had a higher capability of absorbing and accumulating CA. These plants had TF values higher than 1, and were suitable for phytoextraction to remedy polluted soil. As for the plants with TF values lower than 1, they were suitable as the phytostabilizers of heavy metals-contaminated lands.