3种间作植物对薄皮甜瓜植株生长、营养吸收和果实品质的影响

为解决薄皮甜瓜生产中的连作障碍问题,设置薄皮甜瓜单作(MM)、茴香/薄皮甜瓜间作(FM)、分蘖洋葱/薄皮甜瓜间作(TM)、艾草/薄皮甜瓜间作(WM)4个处理,研究不同间作植物对薄皮甜瓜植株株高、茎粗、根系活力和矿质元素(N、P、K、Ca和Mg)含量,以及果实品质和产量的影响,以期筛选出具有间作优势的露地栽培薄皮甜瓜间作作物组合。结果表明: 随着间作栽培时间的延长,3个间作处理的薄皮甜瓜株高均显著高于单作对照;FM和TM处理的茎粗显著高于单作对照,WM处理的茎粗与单作对照差异不显著;在伸蔓期、坐果期和果实膨大期,FM处理的根系活力最高,显著高于单作对照和TM处理。3个间作处理薄皮甜瓜植株矿质元素含量均不同程度高于单作对照,且FM处理的矿质元素含量均较高。FM和TM间作处理单果重与单作对照差异不显著。FM处理果实品质指标不低于单作对照;WM和TM处理的部分果实品质指标(葡萄糖、果糖和蔗糖含量)低于单作对照。综上,小茴香较适合作为薄皮甜瓜的间作植物。

Effects of three intercropping species on growth,nutrition absorption,and fruit quality of oriental melon

To explore the effects of different intercropping species on growth, nutrition absorption, and fruit quality of oriental melon, we examined plant height, stem diameter, root activity, contents of mineral elements (N, P, K, Ca and Mg), and fruit quality and yield of oriental melon under the oriental melon monoculture (MM), intercropping of fennel/oriental melon (FM), tillered-onion/oriental melon (TM), or wormwood/oriental melon (WM). Results showed that plant height of intercropping treatments was significantly higher than that of the monoculture over time. The stem diameter of the FM and TM treatments was significantly higher than that of the MM treatment, while there was no significant difference between the WM and MM treatments. At the stretch tendril stage, fruit setting stage, and fruit expanding stage, root activity of FM treatment was significantly higher than that of MM and TM treatments. The mine-ral elements contents of oriental melon plants in three intercropping treatments were higher than that in MM treatment in different degrees, with the mine-ral elements contents of FM treatment being higher than that of TM and WM treatments. The single fruit weights of FM and TM treatments did not differ from the MM treatment. The fruit quality indices of FM treatment were not lower than MM treatment, while some fruit quality indices (including the contents of glucose, fructose, and sucrose) of WM and TM treatments were lower than that under MM treatment. In summary, fennel was a suitable species for intercropping with the oriental melon.