中国毛葡萄和刺葡萄分布的气候适宜性

毛葡萄和刺葡萄是起源于中国且用于葡萄酒酿造的两大野生葡萄品种。本研究基于已有中国毛葡萄和刺葡萄的气候影响因子研究成果,利用最大熵原理从充分性与必要性方面确定了影响中国毛葡萄和刺葡萄种植分布的主导气候因子,并基于这些因子综合作用反映的毛葡萄和刺葡萄种植分布的存在概率分析了中国毛葡萄和刺葡萄分布区的气候适宜性。结果表明: 影响中国毛葡萄、刺葡萄分布的主导气候因子是年日照时数、开花期5月降水量、年极端最低气温、最冷月平均气温。中国毛葡萄、刺葡萄气候高适宜区分布在湖南西部和南部、广西中北部、贵州东南部、重庆中部。气候高适宜区、适宜区、低适宜区面积分别占研究区域总面积的2%、14%和16%。毛葡萄、刺葡萄气候适宜及以上区域的年日照时数阈值为1200～1800 h,年极端最低气温-8 ℃以上,最冷月平均气温阈值为2～13 ℃,5月降水量为110～320 mm。

Climatic suitability for the distribution of Vitis heyneana and V. davidii in China

Vitis heyneana and V. davidii are two wild wine grape varieties that originate from China. In this study, we used the principle of maximum entropy in terms of sufficiency and necessity to identify the dominant climatic factors (among the many climatic factors that were brought up by previous relevant studies) affecting the planting distribution of both varieties in China. Based on the probability of planting distribution determined by the comprehensive effect of these dominant climatic factors, we further analyzed the climatic suitability in China for both wild varieties. The results showed that the four dominant climatic factors affecting the spatial distribution of both varieties were annual sunshine duration, precipitation during the flowering stage in May, annual extreme minimum temperature, and average temperature during the coldest month of January. The optimal wine grape-growing subregions for both varieties were mainly located in the western and southern parts of Hunan, the north-central part of Guangxi, the southeastern part of Guizhou, and the central part of Chongqing. The areas of optimal, suitable, and sub-suitable subregions for planting V. heyneana and V. davidii accounted for 2%, 14%, and 16% of the total area of the research region, respectively. In the optimal/suitable subregions for planting both varieties, annual sunshine duration was between 1200-1800 h, annual extreme minimum temperature was above -8 ℃, average temperature during the coldest month of January was between 2-13 ℃, and monthly precipitation in May was between 110-320 mm.