松嫩草原三种主要植物群落枯落物层生态水文功能

分析了松嫩草原主要植物群落羊草群落、虎尾草群落、碱茅群落枯落物层的蓄积量及持水能力、枯落物层对降水的截留以及枯落物层抑制土壤水分蒸发的效应.结果表明,羊草群落枯落物蓄积量最大为4.7t·hm-2,最大持水量为9.6t·hm-2,最大持水率为208.4%;虎尾草群落枯落物层蓄积量、最大持水量和最大持水率分别为3.0t·hm-2、7.4t·hm-2和262.8%;碱茅群落分别为2.6t·hm-2、5.0t·hm-2和202.2%;3种群落枯落物层对降水的截留量分别为6.57、5.79和5.26t·hm-2,随着降雨量的增加,截留量增加,截留率减小;0.5~2mm枯落物覆盖下不同含水量的土壤水分蒸发比无覆盖的土壤减少7.95%~56.79%,枯落物层减少土壤水分蒸发的效应随枯落物层厚度和土壤含水量的增大而增加.

Ecohydrological functions of litter in three main plant communities on Songnen grassland

With the litter layers of Leymus chinensis, Chloria virgata and Puccinellia tenuiflora communities on Songnen grassland as test objects, this paper studied their litter storage, water holding capacity, rainfall interception, and restraining effect on soil evaporation. The results showed that in the litter layers of L. chinensis, C. virgata and P. tenuiflora communities, the litter storage was 4.7, 3.0 and 2.6 t x hm(-2), maximum water holding capacity was 9.6, 7.4 and 5.0 t x hm(-2), maximum water holding rate was 208.4%, 262.8% and 202.2%, rainfall interception was 6.57, 5.79 and 5.26 t x hm(-2), and interception rate was 6.22%, 5.52% and 5.23%, respectively. The interception capacity was increased, while the interception rate was decreased with increasing rainfall. Under the cover of litter with a thickness of 0.5-2 cm, soil evaporation was decreased by 7.95%-56.79%, compared with that without litter cover. The restraining effect on soil evaporation increased with increasing litter thickness and soil water content.