福建安溪县乡镇土地生态系统服务价值的演变机制

为了厘清土地利用变化与生态系统服务之间的互作关系,本研究采用生物量因子和社会经济因子调整系数修正传统生态系统服务价值评估模型,对1999—2019年安溪县所属24个乡镇生态系统服务价值(ESV)进行评估,探究其对土地利用变化的生态响应。结果表明: 研究期间,安溪县24个乡镇ESV呈整建制递减,减幅为0.004～0.295亿元;林地和耕地对ESV的贡献率最大,其次为草地和水域,其余地类对ESV的贡献为负值;将其他地类转变为林地可提高ESV,而转变为园地面积(主要是茶园面积)则导致ESV降低。采用化肥单一化宿根栽培管理茶园导致ESV降低,而茶园生态栽培能有效提高茶园土壤微生物多样性,改善土壤肥力,提高ESV。

Evolution mechanism of ecosystem service value at the township-scale in Anxi County of Fujian Province,China

To clarify the interaction between land-use change and ecosystem service, the traditional ecosystem service valuation model was modified using the adjustment coefficients of biomass factor and socio-economic factor to evaluate ecosystem service value (ESV) of 24 towns in Anxi County from 1999 to 2019, aiming to understand the ecological response to land-use change. The results showed that ESV of 24 towns in Anxi County decreased gradually during the study period, with a decrease of 0.004 to 0.295 million yuan. Forestland and cultivated land made the largest contribution to ESV, followed by grassland and water bodies, whereas the contribution of other land types were negative. ESV could be increased by converting other land types into forestland, but be decreased by converting other land types into orchard land area (mainly tea plantation). The chemical fertilizer-monoculture management pattern of ratooning tea plantation reduced ESV, while the ecological cultivation of tea plantation could effectively improve soil microbial diversity and soil fertility, and finally enhance ESV.