扎龙湿地丹顶鹤和白枕鹤求偶期觅食生境对比分析

在2003～2004年3～4月,利用定点观察法、GPS定位法、样方法、因子测定法,对扎龙保护区繁殖的丹顶鹤和白枕鹤求偶期的觅食生境进行了对比研究.结果表明,在扎龙湿地,求偶期丹顶鹤与白枕鹤对觅食生境的选择具有显著差异.丹顶鹤觅食生境比较单一,主要集中水域觅食(如芦苇沼泽),微生境选择以食物因素为主,其次是隐蔽因素、水因素和标识因素;白枕鹤觅食生境比较多样化,主要集中于陆地(如苔草沼泽、农田和火烧地),微生境选择要求严格,以“有效食物”因素为主,干扰因素和水因素是次要因素.

Feeding habitat of red-crowned crane and white-napped crane during their courtship period in Zhalong Wetland.

By the methods of fixed-spot observation,GPS positioning,plot sampling measurement and factor analysis,a comparative study was made on the feeding habitat of red-crowned and white-napped crane during their courtship period(from March to April) in Zhalong Nature Reserve in 2003 and 2004.The results showed that red-crowned crane preferred unique habitat for feed,mostly focused on water field(e.g.,reed marsh).During its selection of microhabitat,food factor played a crucial role,followed by concealment factor,water factor,and identification factor.The feeding habitat of white-napped crane was of diversification,and dry field,e.g.,Carex marsh,farmland and burned field,was the priority.White-napped crane had a strict requirement in selecting feeding microhabitat,with "valid food" factor as the most important ingredient,and disturbance and water factors as the subordinate one.