中国国家森林公园碳储量及固碳速率的时空动态

森林生态系统在调节气候变化和维持碳平衡中具有重要作用。国家森林公园是森林保护的主要载体,探明其碳储量和固碳速率的变化对于森林生态系统的固碳能力评估和可持续经营管理具有重要意义。本研究采用生态系统过程模型CEVSA2模型,模拟了1982—2017年中国881处国家森林公园的碳密度、碳储量和固碳速率的空间分布特征。结果表明: 国家森林公园平均碳密度为255.18 t C·hm^-2,高于中国森林生态系统平均碳密度。2017年,国家森林公园总碳储量为3.56 Pg C,占全国森林生态系统总碳储量的11.0%~12.2%。1982—2017年国家森林公园平均固碳速率达到0.45 t C·hm^-2·a^-1,各地区国家森林公园固碳速率都在0.30 t C·hm^-2·a^-1以上。东北和西南地区国家森林公园的总碳储量最高。东北地区国家森林公园的土壤有机碳固碳速率最高,而华东和中南地区国家森林公园的植被碳固碳速率最高。国家森林公园面积占中国森林总面积的5.8%,在森林碳汇管理中占据着重要地位。准确评估国家森林公园的森林生长状况、固碳潜力和碳吸收特征,可为我国森林公园生态系统服务功能的总体评估提供借鉴和参考。

Spatial-temporal variations of carbon storage and carbon sequestration rate in China’s national forest parks

Forests play an important role in regulating climate change and maintaining carbon balance.To explore the carbon storage and carbon sequestration rate of national forest parks is of great significance for carbon sequestration capacity assessment and sustainable forest management.A process-based ecosystem model(CEVSA2 model)was used to simulate the spatial distribution of carbon density,carbon storage and carbon sequestration rate of 881 national forest parks in China during 1982-2017.The results showed that the average carbon density of national forest parks was 255.18 t C·hm^-2,being higher than the average carbon density of forest ecosystem in China.In 2017,the total carbon storage of national forest parks increased to 3.56 Pg C,accounting for 11.0%-12.2%of the total carbon storage in national forest ecosystems.During 1982-2017,the average carbon sequestration rate of national forest parks reached 0.45 t C·hm^-2·a^-1,and the carbon sequestration rate of all national forest parks was above 0.30 t C·hm^-2·a^-1.National forest parks in the northeast and southwest of China had the highest total carbon storage.The national forest parks in northeast of China had the highest soil organic carbon sequestration rate,while those in eastern China and central southern China had the highest biomass carbon sequestration rate.The area of national forest parks accounted for 5.8%of the total forest area of China,playing an important role in forest carbon sink management of China.Accurate assessment of the growth status,carbon sequestration potential and carbon absorption characteristics of national forest parks could provide reference for the comprehensive assessment of ecosystem service of forest parks in China.