成渝城市群城镇化与生态环境耦合协调及交互影响

以成都-重庆(简称成渝)城市群为研究对象,从经济、社会、生态和城乡协调4个子系统构建城镇化综合评价指标体系,将生态环境承载力和生态弹性结合构建生态环境综合评价指标体系,应用耦合协调度模型测度2005—2018年成渝城市群各地级市城镇化与生态环境的耦合协调度,借助GIS空间分析法、象限分析法和Tapio模型,分析成渝城市群各地级市城镇化与生态环境交互作用的类型、演化路径及其解耦路径。结果表明: 研究期间,成渝城市群的城镇化质量呈现波动上升趋势,以成都、重庆为高值区呈“双核”向四周辐射;生态环境质量缓慢提升,呈四周高、中部低,开口向北的“U”型空间格局。城镇化系统和生态环境系统耦合协调水平较高,总体呈上升的趋势,协调类型由以濒临失调和勉强协调为主逐渐向以中度协调为主演变,呈现中部低、东西高的空间格局。城镇化与生态环境交互作用的演化路径呈现稳定型和变化型2个大类。稳定型包括5个亚类20个城市,成都、德阳、绵阳等城市始终是良好协调型;变化型包括9个亚类16个城市,重庆主城区、铜梁等多数城市的协调度提升,呈“上升式”发展;合川、自贡等少数城市呈“下沉式”发展。生态环境增长率和城镇化增长率均为正,城镇化与生态环境的解耦路径以弱脱钩和扩张连接为主。

Coupling coordination and interaction between urbanization and eco-environment in Cheng-Yu urban agglomeration,China

We built a comprehensive evaluation index system of urbanization in Chengdu-Chongqing(Cheng-Yu) urban agglomeration from four subsystems, including the economic, social, ecological, and urban and rural coordination. The comprehensive evaluation index system of eco-environment was constructed by combining ecological environment carrying capacity and ecological flexibi-lity. The coupling coordination degree model was applied to quantify the coupling coordination degree between urbanization and eco-environment in the prefecture-level cities of Cheng-Yu urban agglo-meration from 2005 to 2018. With GIS spatial analysis, phenomenon analysis and Tapio model, we analyzed the interaction type, evolution path and path of decoupling between urbanization and eco-environment in the prefecture-level cities of Cheng-Yu urban agglomeration. The results showed that the urbanization quality of Cheng-Yu urban agglomeration showed a trend of fluctuation and rise during the study period. Both Chengdu and Chongqing as high value areas showed "double-core" radia-ting to the surrounding areas. The eco-environment quality showed a slowly rising trend. The spatial pattern was a " U " shape with a north opening, high perimeter and low center. The degree of coupling coordination between the urbanization system and the eco-environment system was rising, with a spatial pattern of low in the middle and high in the east and west. The overall level of coupling coordination was relatively high. The type of coupling coordination degree was gradually evolving from near-disorder and reluctant coordination to moderate coordination. The evolution paths of urbanization and eco-environmental interaction were divided into two categories: stable and changing. The stable type included 20 cities in 5 subcategories, with Chengdu, Deyang, Mianyang, etc. being always well-coordination. The change type included 16 cities in 9 subcategories. The coordination degree of Chongqing main urban area, Tongliang and most other cities was improved, showing "rising" development. Hechuan, Zigong and a few other cities showed "sinking" development. The growth rates of both ecological environment and urbanization were positive. The decoupling state of urbanization and ecological environment was mainly characterized by weak decoupling and expansion connection.