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干旱胁迫下亚精胺对玉米幼苗抗旱性影响的生理生化机制
引用本文:李丽杰,顾万荣,孟瑶,王悦力,穆君怡,李晶,魏湜.干旱胁迫下亚精胺对玉米幼苗抗旱性影响的生理生化机制[J].应用生态学报,2018,29(2):554-564.
作者姓名:李丽杰  顾万荣  孟瑶  王悦力  穆君怡  李晶  魏湜
作者单位:1.东北农业大学农学院, 哈尔滨 150030;2.黑龙江省农垦科学院, 哈尔滨 150038
基金项目:本文由国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300103)和东北农业大学“学术骨干”(17XG23)项目资助
摘    要:为探究外源亚精胺(Spd)在增强玉米干旱胁迫耐受性中的作用,以‘先玉335’(干旱不敏感型)和‘丰禾1’(干旱敏感型)为试验材料,采用营养液水培法,研究了15%聚乙二醇(PEG-6000)模拟干旱胁迫下,外源Spd (0.1 mmol·L-1)对玉米幼苗生长、光合特性、叶绿素含量、渗透调节物质、活性氧生成、膜质过氧化及根系活力的影响.结果表明:干旱胁迫下,外源Spd处理可显著促进干旱胁迫下玉米幼苗的生长;提高叶绿素含量、净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和水分利用效率(WUE),减缓‘丰禾1’叶片中胞间CO2浓度(Ci)的升高,有效减轻干旱胁迫对玉米幼苗叶片光合作用的气孔限制和非气孔限制;增加脯氨酸和可溶性糖的含量;降低O2生成速率、H2O2和丙二醛(MDA)含量、细胞膜透性,有效缓解了胁迫对膜的伤害;增强幼苗根系活力;其中干旱敏感品种‘丰禾1’变化幅度大于耐旱品种‘先玉335’.表明在干旱胁迫下,外源Spd能促进玉米幼苗对光能的捕获与转换,增强光合作用,促进幼苗的生长,并能够通过减少玉米幼苗体内活性氧的产生,增加渗透调节物质的积累以稳定细胞膜系统,提高根系活力,从而增强幼苗对干旱逆境的适应性,且对干旱敏感品种‘丰禾1’的效果更显著.

收稿时间:2017-02-17

Physiological and biochemical mechanism of spermidine improving drought resistance in maize seedlings under drought stress.
LI Li-jie,GU Wan-rong,MENG Yao,WANG Yue-li,MU Jun-yi,LI Jing,WEI Shi.Physiological and biochemical mechanism of spermidine improving drought resistance in maize seedlings under drought stress.[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2018,29(2):554-564.
Authors:LI Li-jie  GU Wan-rong  MENG Yao  WANG Yue-li  MU Jun-yi  LI Jing  WEI Shi
Institution:1.College of Agronomy, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China;2.Heilongjiang Land Reclamation Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150038, China
Abstract:To explore the role of exogenous spermidine (Spd) in enhancing the resistance of maize to drought stress, 15% polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) was used to simulate drought stress and with ‘Xianyu 335’ (drought-insensitive) and ‘Fenghe 1’ (drought sensitive) as the experiment materials, the effects of Spd (0.1 mmol·L-1) on the growth, photosynthetic characteristics, chlorophyll content, osmotic adjustment substance, membrane lipid peroxidation and root activity of maize seedlings were investigated. The results showed that the application of Spd significantly promoted the growth of maize seedlings under drought stress, increased chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration rate (Tr) and water use efficiency (WUE), and decreased the enhancement of intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci) in ‘Fenghe 1’. Moreover, the stomatal and non-stomatal limitations of photosynthetic ability caused by drought stress in ‘Fenghe 1’ were effectively reduced by exogenous Spd. The application of Spd increased the content of proline and soluble sugar, decreased theO2 generation rate, contents of H2O2 and MDA and cell membrane permeability, enhanced the root activity. The changes of drought-sensitive ‘Fenghe 1’ were greater than drought-tolerant ‘Xianyu 335’. These results indicated that exogenous Spd had positive effects on the seedlings to capture and converse solar energy, thus promoting photosynthesis and the growth of maize seedlings. It would also enhance the adaptability of seedlings to drought stress by reducing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), increasing the accumulation of osmotic adjustment substances to stabilize the cell membrane system and improving the root vigor. The positive effects of Spd was more obvious for drought-sensitive variety ‘Fenghe 1’.
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