长江口低盐淡水区潮间带鱼类群落结构季节及半月相变化

基于2006年春（5月）、夏（7月）、秋（9月下旬）和冬季（2月）对长江口低盐淡水区水域进行的潮间带鱼类调查结果，分析了鱼类种类及丰度的半月相及其季节变化. 结果表明：长江口低盐淡水区水域潮间带鱼类共有53种；其中鲤科鱼类最多，虾虎鱼科次之，其他科较少. 2顶网具渔获物的鱼类种类和丰度均以春、夏、秋季较高，冬季最低.各个季节的平均种类数和平均丰度均为小潮期小于大潮期. Shannon-Weaver指数（H′）在一个潮周期内的波动幅度较大，且小潮期H′值略低于大潮期. 对鱼类种类丰度进行聚类分析发现，冬季鱼类聚成一组，春、夏和秋季聚成一组. 从整年的情况来看，潮间带鱼类的丰度变化与水温的相关性最高；与潮高的相关性次之；而与盐度的相关性最小.

Seasonal and semi-lunar changes in fish community structure in low salinity intertidal area of Yangtze estuary.

Based on the survey of the fishes in low salinity intertidal area of the Yangtze estuary from spring (May) 2006 to winter (February) 2007, the seasonal and semi-lunar changes of fish species and abundances were analyzed. A total of 53 fish species were collected, most of which belonged to Cyprinidae, followed by Gobiidae, and few of other families. The fish species and average abundance were higher in spring, summer, and autumn than in winter and lower in low tides than in high tides in four seasons. Shannon-Weaver (H') value had a greater fluctuation in a tidal cycle, and was appreciably lower in low tides than in high tides. The fish species and abundance were clustered into two groups, i. e., that of winter, and of the other seasons. As for the whole year, the abundance had the highest positive correlation with water temperature, then with tide height, and lowest with water salinity.