豫中褐土耕地土壤性质空间分异及质量评价

以河南省中部褐土集中分布区禹州县文殊镇为例，基于GIS对该镇进行500 m×500 m规则网格布点248个，将布点图层与土壤图进行叠加分析建立空间数据库，作为野外GPS定位精确采样的依据.野外实际共采集202个点的土壤样品（0～20 cm），其中随机均匀选取34个点进行容重环刀采样.获取有机质、速效K、速效P、pH值、全N、全P、质地、阳离子交换量(CEC)、缓效K和容重10项土壤指标作为耕地土壤质量评价的因素.对指标进行数据统计分析，运用层次分析法（AHP）计算排列出评价因子的权重，运用普通Kriging插值法得出研究区10项土壤理化性质空间分异及土壤质量等级分布和面积.结果表明：研究区褐土耕地土壤质量属于较好的水平，其中优、中等占95%以上，差等只有不到5%.

Spatial variation of soil properties and quality evaluation for arable Ustic Cambosols in central Henan Province

A GIS-based 500 m×500 m soil sampling point arrangement was set on 248 points at Wenshu Town of Yuzhou County in central Henan Province, where the typical Ustic Cambosols locates. By using soil digital data, the spatial database was established, from which, all the needed latitude and longitude data of the sampling points were produced for the field GPS guide. Soil samples (0-20 cm) were collected from 202 points, of which, bulk density measurement were conducted for randomly selected 34 points, and the ten soil property items used as the factors for soil quality assessment, including organic matter, available K, available P, pH, total N, total P, soil texture, cation exchange capacity (CEC), slowly available K, and bulk density, were analyzed for the other points. The soil property items were checked by statistic tools, and then, classified with standard criteria at home and abroad. The factor weight was given by analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method, and the spatial variation of the major 10 soil properties as well as the soil quality classes and their occupied areas were worked out by Kriging interpolation maps. The results showed that the arable Ustic Cambosols in
study area was of good quality soil, over 95% of which ranked in good and medium classes and only less than 5% were in poor class.