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森林火灾碳排放计量模型研究进展
引用本文:胡海清,魏书精,金森,孙龙.森林火灾碳排放计量模型研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2012,23(5):1423-1434.
作者姓名:胡海清  魏书精  金森  孙龙
作者单位:东北林业大学林学院,哈尔滨,150040
基金项目:国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD37B0104);国家自然科学基金项目(31070544);林业公益性行业科研专项(200804002);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(DL09EA03-1)资助
摘    要:森林火灾是森林生态系统重要的干扰因子,是导致植被和土壤碳储量减少的重要途径之一.森林火灾含碳气体排放对大气碳平衡及全球气候变化具有重要影响,科学有效地对其进行计量,对了解森林火灾在全球碳循环和碳平衡中的地位具有重要意义.本文从3个方面阐述森林火灾碳排放计量模型的研究进展:森林火灾直接排放总碳和含碳气体计量方法:森林火灾碳排放计量模型的影响因子及计量参数;森林火灾碳排放计量中不确定性原因剖析.最后提出了提高碳排放计量定量化的3种路径选择:利用高分辨率遥感数据、改进算法、提高森林火灾面积的估测精度、结合有效可燃物计量模型,提高估测可燃物载量的准确率;使用高分辨率遥感影像,并结合室内控制实验、野外试验与火烧迹地调查确定燃烧效率;通过大量室内燃烧实验和野外空中采样来确定排放因子和排放比.

关 键 词:森林火灾  碳排放  含碳气体排放  计量模型  路径选择

Measurement model of carbon emission from forest fire: a review
Hu Hai-Qing,Wei Shu-Jing,Jin Sen,Sun Long.Measurement model of carbon emission from forest fire: a review[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2012,23(5):1423-1434.
Authors:Hu Hai-Qing  Wei Shu-Jing  Jin Sen  Sun Long
Institution:College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China. huhq-cf@nefu.edu.cn
Abstract:Forest fire is the main disturbance factor for forest ecosystem, and an important pathway of the decrease of vegetation- and soil carbon storage. Large amount of carbonaceous gases in forest fire can release into atmosphere, giving remarkable impacts on the atmospheric carbon balance and global climate change. To scientifically and effectively measure the carbonaceous gases emission from forest fire is of importance in understanding the significance of forest fire in the carbon balance and climate change. This paper reviewed the research progress in the measurement model of carbon emission from forest fire, which covered three critical issues, i. e., measurement methods of forest fire-induced total carbon emission and carbonaceous gases emission, affecting factors and measurement parameters of measurement model, and cause analysis of the uncertainty in the measurement of the carbon emissions. Three path selections to improve the quantitative measurement of the carbon emissions were proposed, i. e., using high resolution remote sensing data and improving algorithm and estimation accuracy of burned area in combining with effective fuel measurement model to improve the accuracy of the estimated fuel load, using high resolution remote sensing images combined with indoor controlled environment experiments, field measurements, and field ground surveys to determine the combustion efficiency, and combining indoor controlled environment experiments with field air sampling to determine the emission factors and emission ratio.
Keywords:forest fire  carbon emission  carbonaceous gases emission  measurement model  path selection  
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