厌氧胁迫下芝麻不同耐渍基因型形态、生理及矿质元素变化的比较研究

在部控制氧下比较4种不同耐渍基因型芝麻的形态，生理指数及营养器官矿质元素含量变化。结果表明，耐渍品种种野芝7号与豫芝1号不定根条数增加4－5倍，净光合速率（Ph)下降幅度小，ADH活性增加约2倍，根据Ca,P含量显著升高，K降幅较小，根中其元素以及茎、叶中8种元素呈下降趋势。非耐渍品种丹巴格与遂平小籽黄，不定根条数无明显增加，Pn下降50％－60％，ADH活性可升高5－9倍；根中Ca,P含量亦增高，K下降较多，耐渍基因型有明显的结构适应特征，厌氧代谢的能量补偿作用相对次要，Ca,P在芝麻对厌氧胁迫的生理适应中起重要作用。

Comparison of morphology,physiology and mineral element contents among genotypes of sesame with different tolerance to waterlogging under ana erobic condition

The morphological and physiological indexes and the mineral element contents in different organs of 4 genotypes of sesame were examined under controlled oxygen supply. The number of adventitious roots of flooding tolerant varieties, Wild No.7 and Yuzhi No. 1, increased 4~5 fold, the activity of ADH enhanced about twice, but the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) decreased slightly. There were significant increase in Ca and P and little decrease in K in roots, and decrease in other elements in roots and 8 elements in stems and leaves. As for less flooding-tolerant genotypes, Danbackaggce and Suiping Xiaozhihuang, however, the number of adventitious roots increased little, the activity of ADH enhanced 5 - 9 folds, and Pn decreased by 50 - 60 % . An increase in Ca and P, and a significant reduction in K was found in roots. It was concluded that the waterlogging tolerance of sesame depended firstly on the structural adaptation, then on the anoxia metabolism, and that Ca and P may play an important role in the metabolic adaptation to the anaerobic environment for plant survival.